Georgia 
FORESTRY 
'Merry Christmas 
and 
Happy New Year 
 
 Georgia Forestry 
 
Dec . 1977 No. 4 
 
Vol. 30 
 
George Busbee  Governor A . Ray Shirley  Director 
 
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS 
 
H. E. Williams , chair man 
Felton Denny Eley C. Fraze r, Ill Jim L. Gilli s, Jr . Robert Simpson , Ill 
 
Woodbine 
Carrollton Albany Soperton Lakela nd 
 
STAFF 
Fran k E. Craven  Edi tor Thomas R. Fontaine , Jr .  Assoc . Editor Th omas B. Hall  Artist 
DISTRICT OFFICES GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION 
COOSA VALLEY DISTRICT P. 0 . Box Z , Mount Berry 30149 
NORTH GEORGIA DISTRICT Route 5. Box 83. Canton 30114 
ATLANTA DISTRICT 7 Hunter St. . S.W.. Room 545 , Atlanta 30334 
CHATTAHOOCHEE FLINT P 0 . Box 1080, Newnan 30263 
MCINTOSH TRAIL Route 7. Box 455 . Gr~ff1n 30223 
LOWER CHATTAHOOCHEE DISTRICT 6250 Warm Sor~ngs Road. Columbus 31904 
MIDDLE FLINT DISTRICT P 0 Box 1369. Amer~cus 31730 
COASTAL PLAIN DISTRICT Route 2. Ashburn 317 14 
SOUTHWEST GEORGIA DISTRICT Route 2. Box 215 . Cami ll a 31730 
GEO RG IA SOUTHERN DISTRICT Route 2. Statesboro 30458 
COASTAL DISTRICT P 0 . Box 113, M1dway 31320 
SLASH PINE DISTRICT Route 2. Box 127B . Way cross 31501 
CENTRAL SAVANNAH RIVER DISTRICT Route 2. Box 266 . Wash1ngton 30673 
GEORGIA MOUNTAINS Route 11, Box 37 , Gainesville 30501 
NORTHEAST GEORGIA DISTRICT 650 Col lege St auon Road. Athens 30601 
HEART OF GEORGIA DISTRICT P. 0 . Box 96 . Mc Rae 3 1055 
MIDDLE GEORGIA DISTRICT Columbus Ro ad . Route 8 , Macon 31206 
OCONEE DISTRICT P. 0 . Box 881 . Milledgev ill e 31061 
 
Georgi a Forestry is pub Iished quarterly by the Georgia Forestry Commi ssio n, P. 0 . Bo x 819, Macon, Ga. 31202. 
Second class postage paid at Rome, Ga. 
 
CONTENTS 
 
Sl ash Pine- A Dua l Purpose Tree ......... . .... .. . . . ... . . ... . .. . Decreasin g South ern Pin e Beetle Level Continues In 1977 ........... . Rural Fire Defense Program Continu es Growth . . . . ....... . ..... . . . Technique Developed For Measuring Tree Length Volume. .... ..... . Problems Of Mult iple Demands Made U pon Georgia's Forests . .. . ... . Forest ry Faces and Pl aces . .. .................... . . . ......... . Georgia Extends Southern Pulpwood Production Leadership ........ . Foresters Hall of Fame T aps Two .. .... . ........ .. .... ...... .. . Logging Th e Foresters . .. . . ...... . . . .. . . . .. . .. ........... ... . 
 
3 4 5 6 
7-9 10-11 
12 13 14-15 
 
Cruising 
 
The News 
 
Good Work In Laurens 
Lau rens County is giving a good examp le of what can be accomplished with volunteer work. A master plan there calls for adequate fire protection throughout the county, and already, volunteers have set up stations in Minter, Dudley, Cadwell, Dexter and Rentz . The rural fire protection program got its first real boost in Dudley , and it has spread from the re. Even tually, there wi ll be 13 fire stations located throughout the county with 15 volunteers each. The volunteers involved in the program are congratulated for this good work . Al so com mended are the Georgi a Forestry Commission and an advisory committee set up by the Laurens County Commission . I t w as this committee th at formul ated the fire protection p lan. 
(From the Macon Telegraph) 
Ware Forest Festival 
The Ware Forest Festival is an event that is right down our alley. It has been said many times that Waycross is the hub of Southeast Georgia 's pine forest "empire" and it's the truth. The late Dr. Charles Herty proved that pine trees are indeed gold and that our forest can be the bedrock of our economy. The 12th District headquarters of the Georgia Forestry Commission is located in Ware County along with the Ware County Forestry Unit. Several large forest-related companies have offices here and the Champion International Corp. has a major plant in our Industrial Park. Ware is one of the leading forestry counties in this area and, for that matter in the eastern portion of the U.S. Among other things, several area counties are perennial leaders in pulpwood production and Georgia is the national leader. The Ware Forestry Festival is a gala event which also selVeS to focus attention on the role of the forestry industry to the economy of the Waycross area and to the state and nation. Activities tomorrow will include a downtown parade, which promises to be one of the most colorful on record and the annual Forest Festival Banquet tomorrow night with State Forestry Director Ray Shirley as speaker. The scene shifts Wednesday to Laura S. Walker State Park for such events as the queen contest, a barbeque, presentation of the forestry awards and various educational features including demonstrations and, this year, a poster contest. It sounds like a wonderful two-day program. Ware is proud of its reputation as a forestry center. The people of the community welcome visitors. Everyone is invited to participate in the events of the Ware Forest Festival. 
(From the Waycross Jou.-nai-Herald) 
 
 using improved sl ash pine, this suscepti- 
 
bi li ty may be lesse ned . 
 
In addit ion, slash pine tends to prune 
 
itse lf of l imbs making a cleaner bole that 
 
is preferred by harvesting crews. Th is 
 
provides for more uti Iization and less 
 
debris left on the site. 
 
Being a dual purpose tree, slash pine 
 
may generate more th an twice the mon  
 
etary return per acre over loblolly pine 
 
by harvesting gum and wood products . 
 
By using improved slash pine planting 
 
stock, values are further enhanced. 
 
By anticipating future chemical 
 
needs, it is th e wi se landowner who 
 
plants i mproved slash pine maintaining 
 
the United States as the producer of the 
 
world's high est quality gum . 
 
Sl ash pine tree seed lings are avai lable 
 
from the Georgia Forestry Co mmission 
 
on a first come, first serve basis . James 
 
C. Wynens, chief, Reforestation Div i- 
 
sion, said that the tree seed ling applica- 
 
tion forms may be obtained from the 
 
Much thought is being devoted to energy and conservation of our natural resources. Wood is not on ly a natural resource but a renewable resource. 
The Sl ash pine adds another important product vital to our economy. Not only does it contribute wood, but it is the nation's largest producer of gum which is in demand for the manufacture of wood products suc h as paint thinner, 
 
ers who choose sl ash pine over loblolly for this type site. On drier sites, slash pine may perform equa lly as well as loblolly pine . 
Oth er advantages include slash pine's tolerance to the devastati ng southern pine beetle that seems to prefer loblolly pine. The susceptibi l ity of slash pine to fusiform rust, compared to lobl olly pine, s.~ems to vary considerably to differing 
 
Forestry Commission County Rangers, County Agents, Soil Conservati on Ser vice T echnicians and Agricultur al Con ser vation Program Officers. All orders mu st be submitted on a Forestry Commiss ion appl ication form. 
Mail t he completed application form to the Georgia Forestry Commi ssion, P. 0 . Box 819 , Macon, Ga. 31202. 
For assistance in determining you r 
 
solvent for rosi n, lacquers and varnishes, conditions. Th ere is no clear cut resis - reforestation needs , contact your local 
 
drugs, insecticides and others. 
 
tance of one specie over the other . By county forest ranger . 
 
Ray Shirley, director, Georgia Forestry Commission, states t hat the high gum yield slash pine seedlings have a 12 percent height growth capability and a 
 
APPLICATION FOR NURSERY STOCK 
 
ORO[Jl NO - - -- 
 
GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION MACON , GEORGIA 31202 
 
P.O . BOX 819 
 
50-100 percent higher gum efficiency leve l than regu lar stock. He noted t hat the trees also have a high resistanc e to 
 
NAME OF APPLICANT  ADDRESS: SHIP TO ADDRE SS ABOV E OR . 
 
CITY 
 
PHONE NO. - - - - - - - - - - - 
 
COUN TY 
 
ZtP cooe _ __ 
 
insect attack, such as the southern pine beetle . 
The improved slash pine tree seedlings have a 20 percent higher yield per acre than regular stock. Thi s is also higher than current tests show on im proved loblolly pine, Sh irley added . 
From an economic standpoint, Sh ir ley pointed out that U. S. Forest Service research studies show that the improved slash pine seedlings yield 21 .5 percent more return per acre per yea r than regular tree seed lings. 
Sl ash pine exceeds al l other commer - 
 
Nf<ME 
ADDRE~S 
 
- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - PHONE N O - -- - - - - - - -- 
 
CJtV 
 
COUNTY 
 
ZIP CODE 
 
DELIVER Y OE I IREO AIIHOWN BELOW, 
 
O#.TE 
 
SPEC IES 
 
~ I 
 
NUMBER OF c;EEOLINC.S 
 
COUNTY OF PLANTING 
 
FOREST i)ISTRICT 
I~ 
 
TYPE OF OWNERIHIP o Ched ont' ) 
0 1. p, ,"ll"' per~n\, Club, A~o coa r r ons!. p, ,.,ore Schools. 
0 /. Pu ..a re F or e ~! lnd.,\Try  Lumb er Mfg . 
t 0 3. p,.~Oit' Forest ln drnly  P ...lp Paper. CJ 4. P11vo!r Foresl lndu~ T r y - No.. al Sto re, , P ly...ood. e tc, 
0 5. p,..,llii'Oiher .ndu "rylond 0 6. Town . Covnry, ond P~o~bln: School ' 0 7. Sro1e ond other Pubh c Londl. D 8. Federal Gov t-r nrnenr D Q, Oth e s~c,fy 
 
METHOD OF IHIPMEHT o 
l(hed. one l 
 
0 1 
 
STATE TRUCK TO COUNTY FORESTRY OFFICE 
 
0 2 
 
APPLICANT WIL L PICK UP AT NURSERY 
 
SEEDLINGS RECEIVED IN GOOD CONDITION 
 
cial pines, such as loblol ly pine , as a t ree for flat, wet sites. A 15-y ear study by the South er n Forest Experiment Station indicates the odds are with those plant - 
 
I H~RE:HV CERTIFY HMT I DESIRE TO PURCHASE lHE ABOVE NURSERY STOCK UNDER CONDITIONS PRINrEO ON THE BACI( OF THIS FORM 
 
P~Y MENT  S - - - - -- - DATE - - - - - -- -- 
 
SIGNATURE - - - - - - - - - - -- - 
 
DO NOT WRITE BELOW THII LINE 
 
3 
 
0 HERTY 
 
D 'NALKER 
 
D MORGAN 
 
 Decreasing Southern Pine Beetle Level Trend Continues In 1977 
 
Southern Pine Beetle Infestation 
LEGEND 
~1111 High 
Low 
 
A pre l iminary October insect surve y of Georgia shows a decrease in southern pine beetle activi ty to the A pril leve l . 
In April there were 279 sou th ern pine beetle spots. Th e low incidence level is believed to be th e eff ec t s of the se ver e co ld winter. 
However, beet le ac tivity esca lated during the next three months. Th e July survey indicated 1,095 spots through ou t th e sta t e. Th ere were 47 counties reportin g southe rn pine beetle activity . Th e ex treme dry weather conditions was given as the reason for the increase . 
Thi s is stil l below the survey figures of Octo ber 1976. At that time ther e were 70 co untie s reporting south ern 
4 
 
pine beet le activity . Th ere were 2,053 spo t s. 
Cat oosa County, in northwest Geo r gia is the only county in the st ate th at had a high occurrence ra t e at the time o f the July survey. 
Southern pine beetle occurrence was found for the first time in Brantl ey an d Charlton Counties . Cam den, Gly nn and Mcintosh Count ies have active areas of infesta tion. However, occurrence is light in al l five of th e coun t ies. 
Ray Shirl ey , director, Geo rgi a Forestry Co mmi ssion, said that although the beet le popu lation has shown a down ward trend over the past y ea r, the large number o f infested trees indicates a po tenti al for continued pine mortality should environmental condition s be fa vorable in t he co ming y ea r . 
Since Janua ry of thi s ye ar , Shirl ey 
 
not ed th at 323 landowners had been contacted concernin g beetle act ivity on their property . Th ere were 99 landowners who have had sa lvage operations. T he sa lvage operations resulted in t he harvestin g of 236,000 board feet of sawt imber and 4,402 cords of pulpwood . 
Shirl ey add ed that Fores try Com mi ssi on personne l will continue to con t ac t landowners, provid ing them with assista nce in marking infested area s and obtaining a market f or damaged wood . Par k represen t atives wi ll also be co n tacted concerning the detection of any new activity . 
A eria l and on -the-ground statewide insec t and di sease surve y s are conducted i, 'ori l, July an d October. However, where there is a potential epidemic situ ation , flight s are flown weekly to ke ep abreast of the situ ation . 
 
 Rural fire defense volunteer fire suppression efforts have resulted in the saving of more than $35.9 million in p r operty through September. 
 
Th e Georgia Forestr y Commission 's Rural Fire Def ense Pro gram continues to grow in size and effect iveness. A fed eral app ropri ati o n of $65,000 fund ed an initial training project administ ered by the Georgia Fi re A ca demy, and pro vi ded two way radio com muni cat ions eq uipmen t fo r 23 communities on a 50-50 matching fund basi s. 
A special 35-hour course was design ed by th e Acad emy for rural fire fight ers. Th e se lection of el igib le communities for the f ederal grant was done on a pri ority rating plan ba sed on federal guidelines for th e program. 
An addition al $16,400 grant , matched by the Forestry Comm issi on , was used to develop an expanded wildfir e trai ning manual for rural fir e defense personnel. Associated training aides and instructor guideIines were also develop ed with the fund s. Th e additional moni es ena bled the Forestry Commiss ion to up grade its training for cooperators in rura l fire control. 
Th e f edera l grants were made through the Rur al Community Fi re Protection 
 
Pro gr am . Of the 91 applications recei ved, 23 were approved for grants . Pre vious grants of $69,400 in 1975 and $65,000 in 1976 enabled th e Fores t ry Commi ss ion to upgrade its RFD Program with the production and leasin g of a 950-gall on slip-on -unit, fire knocker, be ginning in 1975. 
Th ere were 79 f ire kn ockers placed in service in the 1977 fiscal y ear . Th ere have been 281 units del ivere d to com muniti es in every part o f the st ate , as of the first of October, since the fire knock er phase of th e program was impl eme nted in Jun e 1975. Th e placing of th ese un its in rural Georgia has resulted in su bsta ntial savi ngs from losses result ing from fire. 
Th e preparation of cou nt ywide Mast er Fi re Pl ans is another phase of the RF D Program th at has acce lerated. Th ere were 27 counties with completed plans at the end of September . Ther e were 10 req uests pending. Th e county wid e Master Fire Pl an is a positive guid e directed toward coordinating county and co mmunity efforts in provid ing adeq uate countywide rural fire protec tion services and minimi zi ng loss of l ife an d . property. 
 
Th ere are 25 co mm unities in 16 co unties that have received a reduction in insurance classification si nce receiving a fire knocker and implementing a countywide Master Fi re Pl an. 
Through August of th is year, rural fire defense personnel suppressed or assisted in the suppression of 9 ,132 fires in Georgia. Of the total , 3,284 of the blazes involved structures and equipment. The efforts of the RFD volun teers resulted in the saving of property valued at more than $35.9 million . This is exclusive of resource values saved on forest and brush fires . 
A t th e en d of Sept ember th ere were 436 RFD Depa rtments active in 141 counties. The volunteer rural fire con trol groups had 609 trucks on loan . The vehicl es include, in additio n to fir e k nockers , 283 other type tank ers with pumps, 38 pumpers and se ven crash trucks . 
Th e purpose of thi s se lf -help com munity ser vice program is (1) to assis t unprotected communiti es in es tablish ing an initial fire protection program, (2) to reinforce existing fire depa rtment s and equip them for fighting rural fires , and (3) to provide th e Forestry Com mi ssi on with a backup forc e of men and equipme nt for emergency forest fire use. 5 
 
 Technique Developed For Measuring 
Tree Length Volume 
 
Today , large volumes of saw t i mber are being harve sted tr ee -length . Thi s tren d is expec t ed t o i ncrease with the further development of tree -length vol ume t ables . Hi sto rica lly, many small sawmill s have received on ly sho rt or pre -cut logs. Th ese mill s would buy tree- length ste ms to sup plemen t log supply if it we re no t fo r the difficulty in determin ing net vo lume o f tree -length loa ds. 
Without scales for weighing and a knowl edge o f the relationship betwee n loa d weight -piece cou nt and net log sca le, inequi ti es ca n develop betw een buyer and se ll er. 
A small mill may never be able to ju stify a se t of sca les . Even if sca les are purchased, f ifty or more loads will have to be weighed an d mea sured to deter mine the relationship between wei ght , piece co un t, and log volu me. Public sca les are available in so me areas, but are o ft en i nconven ient becaust! o f di stance from th e mill or hours of opera tion. 
To enable a mill w ith ou t weighing 
 
facilities to purchase tree -length st ems, the following techniqu e was used to de velop a local volum e table. Th e tables were desi gned for one speci es at one mill so th ey will not be u sea bl e for another operatio n . However, th e technique used to deve lop th e tr ee-length volume tables should be suitable for other spec ies an d o th er locations . 
A pproxi mately 100 tree -length cy press ste ms were lai d on th e log yard . Th e following in formation was recorded f or each log: (1) total len gth, (2) diameter in si de bark at sma ll end, and (3) diameter 16 feet above the la1ge end of the tree . 
Aft er th ese meas urements were t ak en, the st ems were cut into short logs. Emph asis was o n recovering the maximum sawlo g mat er ial and minimizing sweep an d croo k in the resulting short logs. Small en d di am eter wa s meas ured for each short log and the volume recor de d for eac h tr ee. Thi s provided th e to tal len gth, top scal ing diameter and dia meter at 16 fee t above th e butt as 
 
well as th e net log sr.al e for ea ch tr eelength stem . 
Regressi on anal y ses were used to de velop a formula for predicting net log scal e from the thr ee mea surements. Th e accuracy was such that th e on ly meas urements necessa ry to accurately pre dict log volum e of a tree- length stem was total length and di ameter 16 fee t above the ground. 
To use the tables, eac h load mu st first be spread on th e ground . Measurements are taken on each stem for total length and diameter outside bark at 16 fe et above the butt end. These two measurements can be conv er ted t? log vo lume with th e local volume tabl e. 
An adva ntage of this technique is that once a load is sprea d on the ground , it only takes about 15 minutes to take the 
necessa ry measurement s. There is no need to wait until the load is bucked to determine th e net sca le of the load. 
Some preca utions shou ld be taken in the use of th e tables once th ey have been developed . It mu st be remembered that th ese tables, as developed, are suit abl e only for the specific mill and spec ies in volved. It should also be re membere d that the tabl e cannot be used for logs larger or smaller than the or igi nal logs used in the study . Th e table s will no t predict net volume of logs poorer in quality th an thos e used in de  velopin g the t ables and certain ly not of differen t species. 
If you have a need for the de velop ment of si milar t abl es for use at you r mill , contact your Georgia Forestry Comm issio n office or a State and Pri vate Forestry office of the U . S. Fo rest Service. 
 
Th e diameter of the tree -length log is 
 
taken 16 feet above the large end of the 
 
tree. The purpose of the volume table is 
 
6 
 
to recover the maximum sawlog material. 
 
 There is a new urgency in A merica for the preservat ion of natura l resources . People are d e mandi ng more pa rks, more playgroun ds, m o re wi ldli fe sanctuaries, more sce ni c rivers , m ore w il derness and more nature prese rves. T he y want to s~t aside seashores, green belts, trails, salt marshes, deserts, mountain tops, swam ps, san d du nes and nearly everything else that was ever created . 
The movement is not to be condemned. Some a mount of preservation is de sirable and just ifiab le. In some cases, preservation a mo u nts t o t he w isest use of the land. We can affo rd to set asi de, to prese rve, part of our precious her itage. And, we w ill . But to avoid costly erro r, t he m ovement should be appro priately guided and managed. 
There is an a lternate to total pre servation, a way to use resources and , at the same time, preserve the m. 
Guided by t he conservation princip le of "wise land use", or using each acre accordin g to it s capabiliti es a nd trea t in g each acre accor d ing t o its need s, co nser- 
 
vationists have proved that it is possible to both use and preserve a resource . 
We all know that conservation is th e wise use of our natural resources . Forest conserva t ion is the m a na gement of for est land resources for one or more pur poses, including water, timber, forage, wild life and recreation. Air, water, soil, plants and animals are interre lated. Ecology is basic to forest land m a nagement. Forest conservation must be based on an understan d ing and application of eco logical , soc ial and economic principles . T hese princip les must be app li ed in all aspects of forest lari d m a nage me nt, ra nging f ro m the intens ive product io n of tim be r prod ucts to w il derness prese rvat ion. 
Lands, that must produce forests on a sustained basis, also can be used for recreational purposes. They can serve aesthetic values with se lective cutting and management. Mineral s and oil ca n be extracted without de stroying the landscape and polluting water. Wildlife production does not require complete 
 
sa nctuary and exclusion of a ll o ther lan d uses. 
A balance of res ou rce preservatio n a nd resou rce use; t h is is th e real cha lle ng e. 
It is a cha ll enge that can only be met through the creation, statewide, of a meaningful future land-use plan and strategy that has continuity in its appli cability, and uniformity in its implemen tation. 
There can be no doubt that timber production and marketing are of the hi gh est priority and necessity to our nat ion and its economy. 
Econo mi c activity has always been the dominant aspect of America n life. In the past, when ou r resources were seemingly inexhausti bl e, there were comparatively few conflicts between our economic growth, soc ia l conce rns and the conservation movement. The growth and productivity of our eco no my is now un matched in the wor ld . 
Ind ust ry' s searc h for new reso urces in raw mater ia ls, a nd a n afflu e nt so- 7 
 
 " In Georgia, we are harvesting more timber than ever before, and yet, growth exceeds drain by 55 percent annually." 
 
ciety's exploding pressures for more of the good life through outdoor recreation will cause those who support economic growth, and those who pursue social concerns to slowly come together relating more extensively to our most important natural resource, land. 
The champions of free enterprise, and the champions of the welfare state, must recognize that the great limiting factor of their dreams is not money. In the long run it will be raw resources ; resources wh ich only the land can supply . 
Foresters have done a good job in protecting, managing and growing trees as evidenced by the healthy margin of growth over drain in the south . In Georgia, we are harvesting more t imber than ever before and yet growth exceeds drain by 55 percent annually . Georgia's annual tree growth is one cord per acre per year which is double the annual growth of 30 years ago . With our present forest management know-how, the growth rate can be doubled again in the next 15 years. The tree genetics program is making possible a 20 percent gain in wood volume and 10 percent increased height growth in our major pine species yearly . 
A well managed forest is conducive to good wildlife habitat. Georgia has more game today than ever in the history of the state, with the possible exception of wild turkey . 
The streams of the state have less 8 pollution than ever. Only a few years 
 
ago, virtually every town and city in the state was dumping raw sewage and chemicals into the nearest stream. Today , that is not true . 
Today, we have the knowledge to make reasonably accurate forecasts of the future needs for resources inc luding wood, water, cropland and space for metropolitan expansion . Wise land use, based on scientific knowledge and rational management principles, is imperative . 
The primary objective of the professional forester is to assist the land owner in improving the yield and quality of his forest. In turn, this will provide the landowner that basis on which he can realize the maximum development and uti Iization of timber, soil , water and recreation in meeting his needs. 
Total protection and preservation will not reproduce those qualities in forest stands that we most admire. We must have diversity and flexibility in manipulation and use. In other words, we must retain management as the key to the best public interests in our forests . We should not regulate them all to pre serves and parks, protected perhaps, but devoid of those manipulations that are so essential to thrifty, growing forests . We must retain variety and diversity and use our forests to meet other needs as well. Let's not take management away from the foresters who brought these lands to their present state of attractiveness. 
 
In the south, there are forests t hat were ignored in the early part of the century . These so called "worthless" forests have recovered with professional care . With little public attention and fanfare the foresters went about their professional job, making the forests more productive both from a commercial and aesthetic standpoint. 
Now that professional ism has made them desirable, it seems they are too valuable to entrust them to professional management. Instead, they are sought as priceless additions to our national parks or wilderness areas. Commercial use is frowned upon, and a new philosophy that favors natural processes, unaltered by man, is considered superior to man agement. The national forests of the south were acquired almost entirely in the 20's and 30's, and the land was cut over and left unmanaged. Today, they are well managed. 
Let's not coddle these public lands into climax forests of uniform sterility and natural beauty . 
Trees are a lot like people. They reach maturity . They live longer than any other living thing. Trees must be harvested if they are to be converted to the hundreds of products for the benefit of man . A felled tree, whether harvested by nature or man, is not a pretty sight. A clearcut forest of one acre or multiple acres is not a thing of beauty . However, it is necessary to clearcut or open up the stand to full sunlight to reproduce the pine and some other tree species. After only three to five years , that ugly cutover forest area can become a thing of beauty again ; a fine, fast growing forest of healthy trees, a new forest. I like to think of this process of harvesting a mature stand of trees and beginning a new forest to a person who becomes ill. The medical doctor says an operation is needed. The first few days after the operation, the patient looks like death, but in a few days or weeks the patient has recovered and looks great and on the way to a new life. A 
 
 "Fo rest conservation is the management of forest land resources for one or more purposes, including water, timber, forage, wildlife and recreation. " 
 
forest is Iike that after it has been reforested. 
The re is an other use of the forest tha t I pred ict is going t o become more important each year - wood for energy . At the turn of the century, wood constituted the chief source of energy for t he nati on. It gave way to coal, t he n fuel oi l, t hen natural gas and electricity. And now, we will probably go back to wood as a pr inc iple source for many uses. We ha ve been using bark and wood residue for fuel by wood industries for some ti me. 
We now have new processes for using wood and to use wood in different fo rms. The gasification and pyrolysis processes are n?t new, but have great 
potential utilizing wood chips and pel litized wood involving the total tree. 
One important factor is that wood meets the Environmental Protection Agency's standards with little expense to the user in special equipment . We will be able to use cull trees and weed trees as well as tree tops, limbs, leaves, and needles for fuel. This residue use will per mit an increase of approximately 40 perce nt yield from the forest that is now left as waste. We estimate there is betwee n 30 and 50 tons of wood material per acre in the south. 
Several months ago, President Jimmy Carter presented his environmental .m~s sage to Congress . He noted that since the passage, in recent years, of landma-rk legislation, the Forest and Rangelands Renewable Resources Planning Act, and the National Forest Management Act, the greatest challenge remaining to American Forestry is to improve the co ndition and production of small private forest holdings. Various federal programs have, in the past, encouraged better management of these 296 mill ion acres, which account for three-fifths of America's total productive forests . Now, it is the time t o consider whether they are accomplishing their pu rpose. 
He asked the Secretary Jf Agriculture to undertake a compreherrsive study of the Cooperative Forest Management Program. He recommended that the 
 
study consider the needs for measures to (1) assure that forestry programs support national environmental goals ; {2) assure that assistance to nonfederal forest owners will emphasize interdisciplinary planning and multiple use management; (3) improve the capability of private forest lands to meet the nation's need for wood ; (4) prevent and control pollution, fires and insects and diseases that damage forests, using environmentally sound methods, such as biological pest controls ; (5) improve and maintain fish and wild! ife habitats, particularly those that are critical for threatened and endangered species; (6) and strengthen planning and management capabilities of state and local forestry agencies. The study should also examine the desirability of providing financial assistance to state forestry agencies on the basis of state forestry plans rather than through the present fragmented approach . 
From this proposal, it appears that this study may be the catalyst which has long been needed to unite the forestry and environmental oriented groups together in a common cause with common goals. We, the Georgia Forestry Commission, will cooperate with the Secretary of Agriculture in every way to provide the most complete in depth study possible. President Carter is to be commended for taking this action. 
We have a social system that puts a premium upon a high degree of physical comfort and decent surroundings for every person . Forests and trees can be 
 
the most useful of all raw materials to - 
 
ward this continued system. They can 
 
be used to make products for people 
 
while they also enhance people 's en - 
 
vironment and recreation and at t he 
 
same t ime embody their own recycling 
 
system . 
 
Forests are a place for people to play 
 
and think. A source of food and shelter 
 
for wildlife . And, best of all, forests are 
 
renewable and expandable. They can be 
 
harvested, renewed and reharvested in - 
 
def initely , all the wh ile prov iding their 
 
many priceless benefits. 
 
Forests are the greatest achievement 
 
of ecological evolution, the largest, most 
 
complex of all ecosystems. It is in for - 
 
ests that natural regulatory processes 
 
excel, producing the most stable of all 
 
ecosystems . It is in forests that man has 
 
his best opportunity to work with na- 
 
ture. Development of this opportunity 
 
is the major challenge to us in an increas- 
 
ingly crowded and demanding world. 
 
Proper conservation and resource de- 
 
velopment needs an environment com- 
 
posed of vigorous people with deter- 
 
mination, knowledge, confidence in the 
 
future and the means to pursue their 
 
goals. 
 
The forests of Georgia and the south 
 
are big enough and versatile enough to 
 
provide multiple needs for all citizens. 
 
We cannot lock up these resources for a 
 
single use for the future . We can have 
 
our cake and eat it, too, if we use pre- 
 
sent knowledge and common sense poli- 
 
cies. 
 
9 
 
 Forestry Faces 
 
.... Lisa Thurmond, 16, McDonough , is the first entry for the 1978 Miss Georgi a Forestry title. The Henry County forestry qu een will compete for th e title at the Geo rg ia Forestry Association annual meeti ng at Je kyll Isl and, June 18-20 , 1978. 
Miss Thurmond is the daughter of Mrs . Jo Dail ey and Mr. Har vey Thurmond. 
Th e current Miss Georgia Forestry is T ina Driggers of Waycross . 
 
....-w. N. Haynes, assistant to Un ion 
Ca mp Co rp. vice pres ident for timber products and resources , Savannah, pho to , and Vaughn H. Hofeldt, retired, U. S. Forest Service, Gainesv ill e , have been appointed to the Georgia Board of Regi stration for Forest ers by Governor George Busbee. Haynes su cceeded Ben C. Meadows, president, Ben Meadows Company , Atlanta . Hofeldt succeeded Ray Shirley, di rector, Georgia Fo restry Commi ssi on , Macon . 
 
..... Whitfield County 's annual Smokey Bear Reading Club attracted 118 youngsters thi s year . The ir participation en abled them to gai n k nowledge about America's natural resources . 
Kr issie Carswell, left, and Ginger. Gadd tied for first place. They each read or had read to them 51 books on conservation. There were 43 children who 
 
..... J. Walter Myers , Jr., executive vice president, Forest Farmers Association, Atlanta, has been named to the U. S . Department of Agr ic ulture's 15-member national advisory committee on state and private forestry . Secretary Bob Be rgl and , in ma ki ng the announcement said that the committee serves in an advisory capacity to the Secretary of Agriculture on U. S. Forest Service programs and activities affecting state and 10 private forestry . 
 
.....Charles B. Place, Jr. , right, forest education assistant, Georgia Forestry Commission, Macon, has been named a Fellow of the Soil Conservation Society of America . 
Society President J. Vernon Martin, Fort Worth, Texas, presented the award at the banquet concluding the organization's 32nd annual meeting held in Richmond, Va . 
Place was cited for his dedication to advancing environmental education programs for groups from the Cub Scout level to top professionals in the field of natural re sources. 
 
 And Places 
co mpleted the rea ding requirements, and were presented certificates. 
The Smokey Bear V acation Read ing Club was cosponsored by the Junior Women' s Club, th e Dalton Regiona l Library and the Whitfield County Fores try Unit. 
 
...... Th ere are 4 73 ,400 commercial forest acres in Clinch County. This represents 93 percent of the land area. 
Approximately 55 .7 percent of the commercial forest acreage is privately owned. Another 44 percent is owned by in dustry. The remainder is owned by lo ca l an d feder al governments. 
The commercial forest acreage has a growing volume of 387.3 million cubic fee t . The annual growth is 22 .7 mill ion cubic feet , and the annual cut is 15.7 million cubic teet. 
There were 69 ,349 cords of round pulpwood produced in the county in 1975. The high est production, 323,739 cords, occurred in 1955 . Pulpwood production has been over 100,000 cords in 20 separate years since 1946. The total production for that period is 3,700,397 cor ds of round pulpwood. 
There are app roxim ately 29 wood using industr ies in Clinch County em ploying 378 pe rsons with an annual payroll of S2 ,608, 720. The products pro duced by the industries include pulp- 
woo d, dressed, kiln dried and treated l umber, treated and untreated posts, treated and untreated poles and chips. 
 
liJII" Governor George Busbee has cited the Southeast Paper Manufacturing Company 
as the type industry that Georgia is seeking as a means of raising the quality of life and employment level for our people. Speaking at groundbreaking ceremonies for the company's new $130 million newsprint mill near Dublin , Governor Busbee pointed out that the mill will use the latest and most modern thermomechanical p rocess. He noted that the mill will be odor-free, and the water removed from the Oconee River will be returned pollution-free into the river. At full operation , approx imately 200 persons will be employed with an annual payroll in excess of $2 million. The company utilizes more than 750,000 tons of newsprint per year. Th e newsprint will be produced from recycled newspapers and pine wood chips harvested in the immediate Dublin area. 
 
..... We apologize for publishing the parents' name of Miss Jincy Turner of Met ter, the 1977 Miss Gum Spirits, incor rec t ly in our September issue. Miss Turn er is the daughter of Mr . and Mrs. John R. Turner. 
 
..... Frank E. Crave n, chief, Forest Edu - 
 
cation Division , Georgia Forestry Com - 
 
mission, Macon, ha s been elected Gover- 
 
nor -El ect of the Georgia D istrict of 
 
Kiwanis . Crave n was elected at the 
 
Georgia Di str ict' s annual meeting in 
 
Macon. 
 
11 
 
 Georgia has extended its southern pulpwood production leadership for the 28th consecutive year. The 1975 pro duction of 6,957,200 cords of round pulpwood and residues represents a de crease of 14 percent from 1974, accord ing to the report Southern Pulpwood Production, 1975. The report was released by the Forest Service , U . S. Department of Agriculture. 
The decrease reflected the sluggish U. S. and world economy. Pulpwood production in the South also declined 14 percent to 42.3 million cords which is slightly above the 1970 level. Alabama, Georgi a and Mi ssissippi absorbed 49 percent of the decline, but remained the leading producers in the South . 
Other southern states producing more than two mill ion cords were Arkansas, Florida, Louisiana, North and Sou th Carolina, Texas and Virginia. 
Georgia has two of the 49 counties that produced over 100,000 cords of round pulpwood . Wayne County again led Georgia with a production of 127,723 cords of round pulpwood. Ware County's production was 102,022 cords. 
Georgia was first in the output of wood res idue with 1,778,100 cords . This represented a seven percent de cline . Wood residue production in the South was more than 12.2 million cords, a nine percent decline over the previous year . 
The daily pulping capacity for Geor- 
 
gia's 15 pulp mills was 15,119 ton s per day . Th is figure is consistent with th e 1974 capacity . 
The 113 mills in the South had pulping capacities of 96,555 tons per day . This is an increase of two percent over 1974. In addition, there were 12 mills outside the re gion that used south e'rn pulpwood . 
The report includes maps depicti ng regionwide patterns -of production and competition for roundwood . The report has chart s and graphs on the number of companies procuring wood, mill capacity, production increases and declines and detailed tables on all phases of production by state . Round hardwood and pine pulpwood production cordage is listed by state and county. 
 
 Foresters Hall of Fame Georgia Chapter SAF 
Taps 
Dr. Jack T. May 
and 
W. H. McComb 
 
The Georgia Chapter, Soci ety of American Foresters , ha s insta ll ed Dr . Jack T . May, Athens, and W. H . "Bil ly" McComb, Macon , into its Forest ers Hall of Fame. 
Dr. May is professor of Silviculture and Forest So ils, School of Forest Re sources, University of Georgi a. McComb is a retired forester from the Geo rgi a Forestry Commission . 
Archie E. Patterso n, professor of Forestry, Universi ty of Georgi a and chairman of the Hall of Fame Commit  tee, made the presentation. T akin g part in the presentation w ere Dean Allyn M. Herrick, School of Forest Resources, who accepted on behalf of Dr. May, Mrs. Virg inia McComb and McComb. 
T he induction of Dr. May and McComb brings to 23 the number of foresters in the Forest ers Hall of Fame. The ir names will be inscr ibed on a per  manent plaque displayed at the School of Forest Resources, University of Geor gi a, Athens. Patterson said that the "H all of Fame" provides a means of honoring those persons who have been responsib le for the outstaf)ding success of the forestry program in Georgi a. 
Dr . May has been employ ed by the U. S. Forest Service, taught and con  
 
Dean Allyn M. Herrick Recipient for Dr. Jack T. May 
Mrs. Virginia McComb and W. H. McComb Rec i p i e n t 
Archie E. Patterson, chairman, Hall of Fame Committee 
 
ducted research at Auburn Un ivers ity and in 1958 became affil iated wit h the Universit y of Georgia. 
Th e native of Pike County Mississippi is recognized for his soil research work . He is the recipi ent of the Gamma Sigma Delta Di stin gui shed T eaching Aw ard in 1975 and t he T echnica l Service A ward in 1976 by the Southeastern Section, SAF . 
Dr . May is listed in Who's Who in the So uth and Sout hwest and Am erican Men of Science. 
A native of Mi ll edgeville, McComb began his career in forestry in Stat esboro in 1943 as an assistant district forester with th e Fores try Comm ission. He cui  minated his career in 1977 , having serv 
 
ed as chief of Forest Management an d 
 
Fo rest Resea rch Analyst. 
 
He has received the Georgi a Sports 
 
men's Federation Outstandin g Forester 
 
in Georgia award; served as president of 
 
the School of Forest Reso urces Alumni 
 
A ssoc iation; and is a past chairman of 
 
the Forestry Section of the A ssoc iation 
 
of Southern Agricultural Workers. He 
 
has been an active member of the SAF 
 
for over 25 years, and was a founder and 
 
fir st chair man of the Ocmulgee Sub- 
 
Ch apter , SAF. McComb is a member of 
 
X i Sigma Pi, a national honorary frater - 
 
nity. 
 
McComb was among the first re gis- 
 
ter ed foresters in the United States , 
 
holding the number 64. 
 
13 
 
 LETTERS 
EDUCATION 
I enjoyed immensely your environmental edu cation workshop last week . I have never seen a workshop where the leaders had so little to say on field trips while achieving so much. The group leading techniques demonstrated were very effective and everyone did a first rate job. I don ' t know of anything I would change if I had to do it myself. 
One of my favorite tasks was the drawing with natural materials. I did some others after I left and I have enclosed one for you . 
Jeffrey J. Jackson Cooperative Extension Service University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 
 
Thomas R. Fontaine, Jr. 
 
Logging The 
 
W Earl Bonner 
 
PERSONNEL. ..W. EARL BONNER, assistant ranger, promoted to ranger, Carroll County Forestry Unit ...JAMES H. BROCK, patrolman, promoted to ranger, Worth County Forestry Unit ... THOMAS R. FONTAINE , JR., forest education assistant, promoted to resource rlanner and research analyst .. . ERNE S G. HOWARD, assistant ranger, Houston -Peach-Pulaski Forestry Unit, promoted to property control office, Macon ... HAROLD L. 1\JEELY, patrol man, Harris County Forestry Unit, promoted to ranger, Coweta County Forestry Unit ... EVERETT U. RHODES, assistant ranger, promoted to ranger, Fannin - 
Towns -Union Forestry Unit ...STEVE G. SANDFORT, forester, Clayton-Fayette Counties, promoted to forest education assistant, Macon . 
 
Harold L Neely Everett U. Rhodes 
 
14 
 
James H. Brock 
 
Ernest G. Howard 
 
J 
Steve G. Sandfort 
 
 oresters ... 
 
Lewis A. Conger H. Frank Davenport 
W. Walter Jackson 
 
Buster Harris, ranger of the Dawson County Forestry Unit and former nursery superintendent of the Hightower Nursery, has retired He served the citizens of Dawson County and the State of Georgia for 40 years. James C. Wynens, chief, Reforestation Division, on presenting Harris with a plaque at a dinner honoring him, stated that his efficiency and dedication to his job are a tribute to him, his family and the Georgia Forestry Commission. 
 
RETI REMENTS ... LEWIS A . CONGER, ranger , Worth County Forestry Unit , Ma r . 1954-Aug. 1977 ... H. FRANK DAVENPORT, ra nger , Fannin -Town s- 
Union Forestry Unit, July 1952-July 1977 ... BUSTER HARRIS, ra nger, Daw son County Forestry Unit, May 19380ct . 1977...WILL IAM F . HEGOOD , towerman, Walker County Forestry Unit, Oct . 1966-0ct. 1977...W. WAL - 
 
TE R JACKSON, ranger, Monroe County Forestry Unit, July 1949-Sept . 1977 ... ARTHUR L . THORNTON, district ranger, Newnan , Dec. 1950-Mar. 1977. 
MEETINGS ...SOUTHEASTERN Sec tion, Societ y of Americ an Foresters, Birmingh am, Ala., Jan. 31 -Feb . 2... AR BOR Day, stat ewi de, Feb. 17 .. .SOUTH ERN Forest Institute, Atlanta, Feb . 21 -22 . 
 
Service Awards 
 
Arthur L. Thornton 
 
25 YEARS 
James C. Wynen s...Chief Reforest at ion Div ision Macon , Ga. July 1949 
 
35 YEARS 
 
Jackson Gaines .. .. ... Nurse ryman 
 
Albany, Ga. 
 
June 1937 
 
15 
 
 cember, 977 
 
SECOND CLASS POSTAGE PAID AT ROME, GEORGIA 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
, 
 
 
:.~..!~:.-.i.e-Yvnee-t!"''sSs1i~Stt_yaye 
 
I ' 
 
;: , 
 
UQ  
 
ction 
Lofi3 brQ~ierOoirleorr4.. 
 
a 
 
 
 
HOLlOAY SAFETY 
Enjoy your holiday, don,t regret it. The trunk of fresh cut 
Christmas trees should be immersed in water as soon 
as possible after buying the tree. Artificial trees should be flame resistant, and all trees should be kept away from heat. Cut Chirstmas trees are highly flammable. After the holidays, discard them carefully. Never try to burn them in your fireplace. 
, 
 
Cost 
 
$0.1 ~ 1 2.000