Georgia FORESTRY UNIVER~ITY Of SEORGIA SEP2 b'&O Georgia FORESTRY September, 1961 No. 3 Frank Craven F. dito r Publishe d Quarterl y by the GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION Box 1077 Macon, Georgia RAY SHIRLEY- DIRECTOR Members , Board of Co mmi ss ioner s: C HAIRM AN C . M. JORDA N , JR. VIDALIA ANDREW J. A U LT~1 A 1 S YLV EST E I{ OSC AR S. GAR~IS O N - I-I O ~I E R JOH 1 ~1. ~k E LRATH - ~lA C O N ALEXA DER S ESS mtS COGD E LL DI S TRICT OFFI C E S GEORI.L\ FOHESTRY COi\1:\IIS IO~ DL' TRI CT !- Houte :! , S tatesboro Dr TRICT 11 - P. 0. Bo x 2(1 , Camill a DI STHI CT !11 - P . 0 . Bo x ! fi!l , A m<.' ri cu ~ DI S TRI \T. l\ . ~ P . 0 . Bo x :1:\:J, :\' e \\' na n DI STR I\T \ ' - P . 0 . Bo x :J28, ~! rib<.' D ISTRI \'T \' 1- P . 0. Bo x 505, ~I il ledl.!'e,ill <.' D ISTR ICT \'!! - Rou te I , Ro m e DI ST RI CT \ ' li! - P . 0. Bo x II fi O, \\' a , c r.o~s DI STRICT IX ...:_ P . 0. Bo x 41 G, (;ai nes ,ill<' DI STRICT :\- Route :J, \\' a s hing to n On the Cover The State of Georgia, tbe Cit y of Macon and tbe Georgia Forestr y Commission welcome you to the 39tb- annual conv ention of State Foresters. Macon is proud to be host to the first Foresters meeting to be held exclusiv ely in Georgia. Your convention be adquarters is the Dempse y Motor Hotel. Member of the Georgia Press Association. Georgia F or estry is entered a s second cla ss matte r at th e Post Office under th e Act of Augu st 24 , 1912. Cruising the News TREES ARE DURABLE Reforestation has made great strides within the last two decades, prompting economists to look at trees and inquire: Are we planting too many trees? An article in the most recent issue of Atlanta Economic Review concentrates attention on this particular question, attempting to analyze the current situation and the outlook for landowners who expect to receive profits from their forests in the future. The conclusion is made that the demand for forest products "will continue to increase so long as the industrial strength of this nation continues to grow." That, in essence, is saying that trees are a durable form of capital, as safe as any other tangible thing which may be acquired for economic purposes. The inflationary spirals of recent years and the depression of the early 1930's prove that money itself is subject to drastic change as far as its value is concerned. Reforestation has been emphasized in recent years as a means of increasing farm income, and that emphasis has been based on solid factors. Acreage control and increased yield per acre in various crops have not required the total acreage which once was needed to farm. Likewise, soil conservation practices have eliminated the necessity of constantly breaking new ground for productive reasons. Hence acreage which once was needed in the rotation system now can be allocated to pastures and reforestation. It has also been found that forests prevent erosion, and that trees give off oxygen. Hence they have value other than for marketing. In this scientific age, many new uses have been found for wood , and the paper industry has expanded many times. Apparently the South is not planting too many trees. (From the Moultrie Ob server) FOREST FIRES The benign 'beauty' of fall is misleading . Too often the blazing colors of the woods and forests end up just that - blazing. The number of forest fires in this country and Canada, for example, is reported up considerably over last fall. In our own Southeastern Georgia, we have been fortunate, however, with losses reported under the preceding year so far. But the danger is ever present, particularly with the excessive dryness. There have been predictions that this may yet be the worst year for forest fires . Only by constant vigilance can we prevent forest fires that are so destructive . (From the Wa y cross Journal-Herald) LAZY ACRES CAN WORK FOR YOU If you are a landowner who no longer lives in the rural area, you can still put la zy acres to work by contacting your local county forest ranger. The ranger, as well as the county agent and other agencies are prepared to help you plan a reforestation program. They will aid in site preparation, help you choose the right specie, assist in ordering your seedlings, and will arrange for a contractor to plant your trees. In years to come , they will advise you on the proper manageme nt of your growing trees. Whether you are a landowner who has become a "city slicker" or you still live on your land, now is the time to investigate the possibility of making those abandoned fields, cut-over forests, and slopes productive through reforestation. (From the Twiggs Count y New Era) vve l c: c:> m ~ dele g a t e s Georgia Governor Ernest Vandiver will address members of the Asso- ciation of State Fore sters a t th eir annual meeting in Macon Oct. 1-5, announced Ray Shirley, director, Georgia Forestry Commission. Governor Vandiver will speak a t th e convention's banquet Oct. 3. The 39th annua l meeting of the Association will attract some 45 State Foresters and their wives. The mee ting will take place a t th e Dempse y Motor Hotel. This marks the fir st time that the Association ha s met in Georg ia . Featured speakers of the four day meeting are W. Y. Benedict, charge of Pest Control , Forest Servic e, U. S. Department of Agric ulture, Was h- ington, D. C . ; Mortime r Doyle, exe - cutive vice -pre sident, ational Lum- bering Manufacturing Ass ociation, Was hington ; Seymour I. Somberg , president, Association of Cons ulting Foresters, Williamsburg, Va.; a nd Dr. Frank We lch , ass is tant secretary, Federal- tate Relations, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washingt on. U. S. Forest ervice Chief Richard E. McArdle, Washington, D . C., heads a group of Forest Service foresters that will a ttend the meeting. Others i."Iclude IYJ. S . Swingler, ass i stant chief, State and Private Forestry, Washing ton ; Jim Vessey, Region 8 forester a nd Doug Craig, assis ta nt Region 8 forester, both of Atlanta. Shirley added that a highlight of th e four day meeting will be a tour of the Georgia F ores try Center , Macon, a nd the Commi ssion 's field activities. The group will also visit forest industries in the Macon area . The Commiss ion Director said th a t 1acon Mayor Ed ':V ilson would we l come the foresters to Macon and the State. A.D. Folweiler, State Fores ter, College Station, Texas, is president of the Association. State Fore sters w ill tour th e modern Headquarters of th e Georgia F ore stry C ommissi on The signing of two c o-op pr ograms and the continuation of a third be tween State Departments is another step taken by these Depart me n ts to economize operations and a t the same time maintain high service standards. Ge orgia Forestry C ommis s ion Direc tor Ray Shirley stated that the C ommission has entered in to three s uc h agreements. They are with the Department of Health, John H. Venable, director; Game and F is h Commission, Fulton Lovell, dire ctor ; and the Department of Corrections , Jack Forrester, director. Cover crop is to seedlings a s vegetables are to seedlings ...is the new f ormula being applied by the F ores try Commission . Shirley sta ted that the vegetables being grown at the s ix Commission nurserie s s ave the Commission the cost of producing a cover crop. Shirley emphas iz- ed that the agreements also enable all the Commission's six nurseries to remain in opera tion and personnel maintained on a profitable basis. The Commission director added that the savings are extended to the other departments involved. It saves them the cost of buying wholesale, allows them to make more effective use of canning facilities and enables the control of flow and quality of vegetables. Shirley pointed out that a reduction in seedling production enabled the Commission to partie ipate in the cooperative programs. The CommissiOn is producing some 90,000,000 seedlings for the 1961-62 planting season. The reduction was brought about by the curtailm.ent of the Soil Bank Program and a business recession which effected all phases of forest industry. Under the agreement with the Health Department, the Commission is providing the Milledgeville State Hospital at cost, with tomatoes, beans and corn. The fall crop will include potatoes. These vegetables help fulfill the needs of the State Hospital and at the same time, leave green residue in the nurseries to be turned under and used to feed our seedling crop next year. This process assists in maintaining soil organic matter, holding the fertilizer, and converting the fertilizer from inorganic to organic form . The cooperative program with the Game and Fish Commission involves the growing of 5,000,000 lespideza plants at cost. The plants will be used in the Game and Fish Management program to increase wildlife food. Approximately six acres at the Page ursery were utilized for this program. Darby, Harris, and Shirley check final tomato crop. A third cooperative program at Reidsville has been in effect for three years. The prison is allowed to produce food crops at the Page -Walker Nurseries on areas not assigned to seedling production. There are some 140 acres in food crops this year. The number of acres in food production each year depends on the size of the Commission seedling crop. The crops include tomatoes, turnips, stringbeans, butterbe ans, corn ,cabbage, onions, and s quash. The prison uses its own labor and equipment in working the land. The prison cannery will process some 100,000 gallons of tomatoes this ye ar. This is enough to feed some 2,400 prisoners in addition to providing other prison camps with the produce at cost. This year approximately 220 acres have been put into vege_table production at the Commission's Davisboro, Herty, Hightower and Morgan N.urseries. Some 76 acres will be used for the fall crop at the Herty and Morgan Nurseries. The tomatoes and beans were produced on 9 0 acres each with 40 acres in corn. Approximately 330,000 tomatoplants, 400 pounds of corn seed, and 4 ,000 pounds of stringbean seed were planted to this acreage. Approximately 20,000 pounds of potatos will be used in the fall planting on 20 acres. From this planting, a production of approximately 6,000 bushels of tomatoes, 14,000 bushels of beans, and 274,000 pounds of corn was obtained. Shirle_y pointed out that the Commission's initial venture in vegetable production is proving to be beneficial to all concerned. It has kept the Commission nurseries in condition for capa city production,. provided food for the State Hos pital and Reidsville State Prison and the Game and Fish Commission a means of increasing the food for the Sta te's wildlife population. S anford P. Darb y Gum study results encouraging Weekly chipping returns higher, dipping cost excessive, minimum labor turnover, and overall opera- tions comparable to experienced crews in quality and q!Jantity ...sum- marized the first year results of the Georgia Gum aval Stores Study. The project is being conducted by the Georgia Forestry Commission at the Waycross State Fore st. Commission Director Ray Shirley viewed the results. with enthusiasm even though they are based on the highest prices ever received by gum producers for pine gum. Shirley stated that the results will prove in- valuable in making recommendations to woodland owners, determining where naval stores will be profit- able and as a classroom for Commis- sion personnel. The research pro- ject is a practical study adapted to the average landowner's use, Shirley pointed out. Initial results show that bi-weekly gum production cost was $26.81 per barrell in contrast to $2 7.42 of 43 5 pounds net on a weekly ba is. The weekly chipping grossed $131.81 more per 1,000 faces than the bi- weekly chipping . The report em- phasized that on the weekly sche- dule the faces were worked one-third higher with less profit per streak and higher costs per harrell than the bi- weekly schedule. The above figures exclude aval Stores Conservation Progam cost sharing payments . In "dipping" the laborers were placed on piece rate of $4 per harrell due to excessive costs on an hourly wage rate. Working on this basis, during the second half of the season, laborers gathered approximately 25 percent more gum on a piece rate than on hourly wage. All trees were worked with the bark hack a nd acid stimulation . Spiral gutters, double headed nails and two quart cups were used in in- stalling the faces. The chippers worked in squads of five men. It was found that inex- perienced men could be better super- vised compared to individual drift basis and that no two workers have the same ability and skill. Therefore, men working in squads must be carefully grouped for harmony and best results. The gum was sold by bid, however, the buyer voluntarily paid market prices when it exceeded bid price. The laborers were employed on the following basis: wages, $1 per hour; transportation, from pickup point in Waycross to the Forest and return; housing not furnished; no indebtedness assumed or credit extended; payment on Friday of each week. Norman !-lawley, supervisor, aval Stores Conservation Program, Valdosta, and Charley Shea, Area Forester, Waycross, trained the personnel for the project and advised on production techniques throughout the year. Foresters of the Commission designated trees and areas to to be worked. Production techniques are based on results of pilot tests conducted by the Lake City aval Stores Research Branch of the Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Lake City, Fla. Shirley added that the project should determine if untrained labor can be used effectively for naval tores. This is provided that wages paid by other forest industries, on a mw1mum forty-hour week per year basis, can be followed, and net in come 1s sufficient to make this method of turpentining practical. Debris fires top causes Debris burning was by far the biggest single cause of fires which burned approximately 44,242 acres of Georgia forests in the first half of 1961, said A. R. Shirley, director, Georgia Forestry Commission. Of the total acreage burned, Shirley said, about l7 ,676 could be attributed to the 2,190 fires resulting from debris burning. He said records showed a total of 5,528 fires in the period from Jan. 1 -.June 30. Incendiary or deliberately set fires were second as a major headache for Georgia's foresters during the first half of the year, Shirley said. There were 909 such fires in the .half year period, des troying 9,550 acres. Smokers were blamed for 843 fires destroying 5,124 acres. Other causes listed by the Forestry Commission director included lightning, 125 fir es; railroads, 380; lumbe ring opera tions, 63; pulpwood opera tions, 82; recreational activitie s , 358 ;. and miscellaneous, 543. Georgia' s campers had the lowest fire starting record of any of the ma jor causes covered in the report. They were held responsible for 35 fires burning over 7,692 acres. Shirley said the inth District with headquarters at Gainesville had the s mallest acreage loss, 1 ,438. Larges t loss in the s tate was reported in the First District, 12,471. FIRE PROTECTION EXPANDED Jeff Davis and Peach Counties represent the 152 and 153 counties to come under organized forest fire protection in Georgia. The counties came under protection on July first. The Jeff Davis Forestry Unit is headed by Ranger Joe Moore, graduate, School of Forestry, University of Georgia. Peach County is combined with the Crawford County Unit headed by Ranger Jesse Rigdon, a forestry veteran of fifteen years. Georgia Forestry Commission Director Ray Shirley stated that this is another step toward our goal of providing organized fire protection for a ll of Georgia's 24,000,000 forest acres. Shirley added that there are now 22,881,213 acres in 153 counties participating in the fire control program. The six counties not under protection include Baker, Quitman, Glascock, Johnson, Union and Towns. Jeff Davis County's 170,700 acres of forest land represents 81 percent of the total land area of 211,840 acres. The 37,600 acres of forest land in Peach is 39 percel!_t of the total land area of 96,640 acres . The combined Crawford-Peach County Unit has a total forest acreage of 182,900 acres. The Jeff Davis Unit is located five miles SW of Hazlehurst on U. S. 221. The Peach County headquarters is located. in Crawford County two miles East of Knoxville on Ga. 42. The secondary headquarters is located at the Peach Tower, two miles East of Fort Valley on Ga. 96. Ranger Moore stated that the 196162 budget is $55,916 . The county's portion is $18,637. The budget for the combined unit is $22,846, $5,065 .70 of which is paid by Peach County . This includes monies spent for the purchase of equipment. The Crawford County portion is $5,396.64. The program is financed two-thirds by state funds and one-third by the county . When combined, the counties one-third is divided according to acreage. The state assumes the cost of new tower construction. Jeff Davis FOREST ACREAGE ON INCREASE Increased pine and hardwood volume coincides with the upward trend in forest acreage in Central Georgia according to a recent U. S. Forest survey. Pine and oak-pine types, which now occupy 4,800,000 acres, are increasing at the rate of 55,000 acres per year in the 49-county area. This is ten times the increase rate bet we en 1936 and 1952. Since 1952, forest acreage has increased 11 percent. The total commercial forest ac reage is 7 ,4 13 , 100 acres. Ray Shirley, director, Georgia F orestry Commission, said the Cen- tral Georgia survey indicates the availability of raw material for industries interested in locating in the area. Shirley added that the trend is an indication of the value that Georgia landowners of today place upon their forested areas. The report was released by A. S. Todd, Jr. , acting chief, Division of Forest Economics Research, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Asheville, N. C. The report showed that pine volume .has increased 28 percent, to 2,9 billion cubic feet, since 1952. An approximately 12 percent increase was noted in hardwood volume since '52 . The report pointed out that much of the increased pine volume is in sawtimber size. Central Georgia has 8.4 billion board feet of pine or 33 percent more than in 1952. This more than replaces the hardwood sawtimber which has only shown moderate increases. The survey Is being conducted by USFS personnel with additional backing of the Forestry Commission, Georgia Forest Research Council, Georgia Forestry Association and industry . The fire figh ird hand V. Crouch and f. P. Gallman Whiskey, Victor, Uniform, tango ... a Zulu ... principals in a murder plot .. . the latest hit tunes ...neither, these are call letters of Georgia Forestry Commission operated and manned planes. Some 19 state-owned light monoplanes, based at each of the Commission's ten district offices, enter the fight against forest fires whenever extreme fire danger occurs. This operation, in addition to fire tower observation, is the difference between keeping a fire small and letting it grow to 'blow-up' proportions. Full-time and part-time pilots operate six planes from Waycross, four from Statesboro, two each from Camilla and Gainesville, and one each from Americus, Newnan, Milledgeville, Rome, and Washington . Four contract planes are operated in the kRae District, two from Fitzgerald and one each from Dublin and Vidalia. The jobs created by new industry and expansion of others with higher incomes makes our forest acreage more valuable than ever before. However, with this expansion the fire hazard in Georgia has increased. The Forestry Commission, under the direction of Ray Shirley, is conducting a program designed to reduce this problem. There are 153 counties, with a total for est acreage of 22,881,213 acres, part!ctpating in the fire control program. In 1961, continued progress was made toward the goal of providing organized fire protection for all of Georgia's 24,000,000 forest acres. Another 208,300 acres came under protection July 1 with the addition of Peach and Jeff Davis Counties. The program is financed twothirds by the state and one-third by the county. A forestry advisory board in each county works with the Commission in determining fire protection needs. At Commission headquarters , Macon, one TBM and Commanche are stationed for fire patrol and oth er related work. Specialized personne l at the Forestry Center keep the Commission planes ready for immediate service. 'Mechs' Vernon Crouch and J. P. Gallman carry out maintenance and make annual and 100 hour inspections on all aircraft. The Commission owned TBM fire retardant chemical bomber is used on major fires over the state. In 1959 , the bomber made two 220-gallon drops on fires in Northwest Georgia . Excellent results were obtained fr om mono-ammonium phosphate, a plan t fertilizer, which was mixed with water. Again in 1960 the bomber dropped 3,000 gallons of fire retardant on blazes in Northwest Georgia . The bomber was also used on survalence missions. Under the provisions of the Southeastern Forest Fire Compact Commis sion the TBM has been used three times on large fires in Northeast North Carolina. There are ten member states of the Compact. They are, in addition to Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Kentucky, Mississippi, North and South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. The Commanche is used in fire patrol and civil defense emergencies. The Commission planes are also used to assist the State Corrections Department in the capture of escaped prisoners and wanted suspects. In 1960, the bird-dogging of a wooded area near Nahunta resulted in the capture of two bank robbers. One of the captured .bandits stated that everytime they s tarted to run for it the plane would be right on top of them. On several occasions, Commission pl:mes have been used to search for drowning victims on the Ohoppe River near Statesboro. In addition, anytime a plane is reported missing, military or private, Commission aircraft are put on the hunt. The planes, equipped with two-way radios and loudspeakers for direct ground-to-air communication, range over counties in each district investigating smokes to see if they are wildfires or controlled burns. The trained Commission pilots are able to analyze the progress of the flames and the men and equipment needed to s uppre ss the blazes. Upon arrival of fire fighters, the pilots direct ground crews to the hottest part of th e fire by the quickest routes. They are also in position to warn and direct to safety any fire fighters who are in danger of being trapped by the flames. In 195 9-60, patrol aircraft, both state-owned and under contract by the Commiss ion, flew a total of 3,999 hour s on a erial fir e patrol. While on these pa trols , the pilot s reported 833 wildfires , 9,321 controlled woods fire s a nd .20 ,3 00 other t y pes of smoke s . Ma n y thousands of miles of travel by state trucks were saved through pilots advising ground crews as to the exact nature of the smokes. This made unnecessary many trips by trucks to check safe controlled fires. Through the cooperative efforts of landowners, industry and the Commission a drastic reduction in fire losses has been obtained. In 194950, for example, 9,641 wildfires burned 291,502 acres or more than two percent of the area protected at that time. In 1959-60, 6,593 fires burned only 51 ,7 02 acres, less than one-fourth of one percent of the protected area. E arlier detection of fires through increased use of aircraft and shortwave radio has made major contributions . A zebra ...an animal; a tanga ... a dance; "to Forestry Commission personnel and Georgia woodland owners they are a vital link m the growth and preservation of Georgia's forest land. Gillis fills top post New president named, Miss Georgia Forestry of 1961 crowned, awards made and talks were presented at the 54th annual meeting of the Georgia Forestry Association. The theme of the three-day session was 'From This Tree'. Jim Gillis, Jr., Soperton, was named president of the Association succeeding J . Frank Alexander, Talbotton. Miss Georgia Forestry is Glenda Ruth Jones, Savannah . Runner-up is Miss Donna Montoya, Vidalia. Miss Jones was crowned by the reigning queen Beverly Ann Holcombe, Buchanan. Tenth District Forester George Collier received the Association's Outstanding General Performance Award for the district a nd Ranger J. D. Beauchamp received the Outstanding County Award for Dodge Co. Wilkes Co., headed by Ranger T. H. Bullard, was honored for having the best fire record. J . Thomas Thornton, Mitchell Co. farmer -dairyman, was presented a Tree Farm Award by Al Davenport, Georgia Tree Farm Committee chairman. Thornton's 149-acre farm re presented the 5,000,000th tree farm acre to be certified in Georgia. Golden Pine Cone Awards were presented to Lee J. Settel, Ellijay; Harold Joiner, Atlanta and Gillis. Harvey Brown, Association executive secretary made the presentation. Eight Georgia forest conservationists were cited for outstanding contributions 10 the advancement of forest industry by the Georgia Forestry Commission. Recipients of the award were Hobart L. Manley, Savannah; R. H. 'Vhite a nd Hugh W. Dobbs, Atlanta; W. Kirk Sutlive, Savannah; Robert H. Rush, Hawkinsville; W. M. Oettmeier, Fargo; J . Frank Alexander, Talbotton; and Burley M. Lufburrow, Hinesville. Commission Director Ray Shirley, Macon, 10 presenting the awards, lauded the group for their pioneer efforts in organizing a nd leading Georgia Forestry to its present status. Individual county winners and rangers are Bulloch, Paul L. Moore; Dougherty, orman Ketchie; StewartWe bster, James I. Lane; Meriwether, Ernest E . Orr; and Dodge,Beauchamp. Others include Wilkinson, J. L. Stanford; Whitfield , C. V. Bramlett; Consolidated T.P.O., Homerville, D. T. Spells; Jackson-Barrow, George Davis; and Oglethorpe, John H. Buckman. In other business A. E. Patton, treasurer and Harvey R. Brown, executive secretary, Atlanta, were re-elected to their respective positions. ew directors are J. T. Strahan, Port We ntworth ; Holt Walton, Cordele; Ben C. Meadows, Atlanta; Lt. Gov. Garland B yrd, Miss Glenda Ruth Jones and Miss Be verly Ann Holcombe. , Jim Gillis, Jr. John Me Elrath, Macon; Stewart McCrary, Gainesville; and W. A. Stuckey, Eastman. ew area vicepresidents are Bob Balfour, Thomasville; and William P. Simmons, Macon. Speakers and their subjects included C. E. Tyler, Hercules Powder Co., Brunswick, 'From This Stump'; George W. Yarn, Yarn Trading Co., Jacksonville, Fla., 'From The Living Tree'; Barry F. Malac, Union Bag-Camp Paper Corp., Savannah, 'From The Pulpwood Tree'; Carl D. Wheeler , Georgia-Pacific Corp., Savannah, 'From The Sawtimber Tree'; and Downing Musgrove, executive secretary, ATFA, Valdosta, 'From My Trees'. Reports on 'Georgia Forestry' were given by Shirley; Ed Ruark , director, Georgia Forest Research Council, Macon; Allyn M. Herrick, dean, School of Forestry, University of Georgia, Athens; and C. Dorsey Dyer, project leader, Agricultural Extension Service, thens. Tree Standards adopted Christmas Tree Standards recently adopted by the Georgia Christmas Tree Growers Association indicate that Georgians will be receiving fresh, clean , and healthy Georgia grown trees in Dec., 1961. Association president, Edwin Wa lker, Tifton, said that all trees bearing th e .'\.ssociation label or sold under the Association's name must have been grown by a member in good standing . Walker added that the standards set are minimum and that the overall s tock should be of higher quality than the standards set. The standards place emphasis on density, taper, foliage and bundling of trees for shipment. Trees with less than 40 percent taper must be one foot taller than the size class in wh ich it is placed; the tree taper must be between 30 to 90 percent; browning of the foliage cannot exceed 10 percent of tree height; and three of the four faces of the tree must be full. When shipped the number of trees per bundle is determined by tree height (three feet and under, six per bundle; eight feet and larger, one per bundle). Walker pointed out that the Association's main objective is to put Georgia grown trees on a competitive basis with northern species. The establishment of the above standards is a step in that direction, Walker added. FOREST LEADERS RECOGNIZED J . T. Stubbs of Lanier, prominent Bryan County naval stores producer and agricultural leader, grew up in the "turpentine business." As a child, he helped his father hack faces, nail cups, carry dip buckets and attend to the many other chores associated with a gum operation . By the time he finished high school, however, he decided he would be more content in the law profession. He attended Macon's Mercer University and studied some law at that schc:wl. But he couldn't forget those youthful years spent in the great pine forests of South Georgia and he was soon back in Bryan County and in the naval stores business for himself. As the years rolled by, Stubbs accepted the new techniques of naval stores operations and carried out all the practices of modern forestry to make his forests yield some of the best crude gum, pulpwood, sawlogs and veneer timber in this state. This summer, Stubbs was presented a statewide award for his contribution to and promotion of good forestry in Georgia. The landowner, who along with his brother manages some 4,200 acres of pine forests, was presented a plaque by Commission Director Ray Shirley at the annual Governor's Awards Banquet in Atlanta. The presentation was included in a program sponsored by the Georgia Sportsmen's Federation and the Sears Roebuck Foundation to recognize the state's outstanding leaders in all phases of conservation. Shirley also presented awards to five other Georgians who have made outstanding contributions to forestry on the regional level. J. E . Baynard, editor of the Jeff Davis County Ledger at Hazlehurst, was honored for his continued promotion of good forestry through the press. He has published a special "Keep Green" edition each summer the past 13 years and was instrumental in the establishment of a Jeff Davis forestry unit, which went into operation in July. Oscar Garrison of Horner, prominent Banks County lumber mill and cotton gin operator, was honored for devotion to better fore s try practices in his section of the state . Garrison was also praised for his service as a member of the state board of forestry cornrnis sioners. In addition to owning a nd operating a lumber and building s upply company, Garrison manages large tracts of fine timber from which the raw product is harvested for his mill. He was a leader in organizing a forestry unit in Banks County and has planted a large acreage in trees during recent years. R. M. Re ynolds of Bainbridge, banker, farmer and merchant, has played a prominent role in fore s try in his section of Georgia. In the pre sentation of his aw.ard it was pointed out that Reynold s has been connected with the naval s tore s industry since 1917. The Decatur Countian , former member of the Georgia Senate, began his tree planting program 21 years ago with 100,000 seedlings . Since that time , he has planted more than two million trees . While serving as chairman of the board of county commissioners, Reynolds was instrumental in placing Decatur County under the fire protection program. Regional winner J. Frank Alexander of Talbot County is chairman of his county's forestry board. He is president of the Georgia Forestry Associa tion . A former lumber manufacturer, he is known for his extensive forestry program on his timberlands . Alexander is also a prominent pulpwood dealer in Talbot and adjacen t counties and a leader in the forest fire protection program in his section of the state. H. G. Garrard of Wilkes County, chosen for a regional award because of his devotion to enhancing the forests in the Washington area, is a retired lumber mill operator. He owns some 3,500 acres of well-managed for es ts a nd is president of the Farmers a nd Merchants Bank at Washington, a n institution wh ich he helped form. R ay Sbirley f. T. Stubbs f. Frank Alexander R. M. Reynolds ' f. E. Baynard Oscar Garrison The headlong drive of Georgia and the South to attract new industry is brilliantly illustrated in the City of Augusta, home of the Masters Golf Tournament, where enterprising local businessmen put their heads together five years ago in a concentrated effort to lure a whole series of big plants---and big payrolls---to the Central Savannah River Area. The hard work of Augusta's Committee of 100 and other local groups has paid off handsomely. The fiveyear figures for Augusta are dramatic: 11,248 more people; $22,420,000 more personal income annually; $13,680,000 more retail sales; 6,612 more workers employed. Making a major contribution to these eye-opening increases in Augusta's economy are a number of huge wood-using industries, chief among them a sprawling new giant, the Continental Can Company. In operation only since the end of 1960, Continental Can employs 469 workers at the Augusta plant and 48 in its Woodlands Division for a com- bined annual payroll of approximately $3,200,000. The main plant, located on 2,600 acres off Old Savannah Road, turns out 300 tons of bleach sulfate board a day. This product is used in the manufacture of paper cups and plates, frozen food cartons and other packaging. The Southland Timber Corporation opened an office in Augusta in 1960 and is one of several independant suppliers of wood to industries in the area. Southland employs 20 persons in the Augusta trade area and has a payroll of about $90,000. It handles some 40,000 cords of pulpwood and 8 million board feet of saw timber at a cost of about $400,000 annually. Nine counties m the Augusta trade area play a vital role in the booming economic drama, and all of these counties contribute heavily to the timber using industries. Supplying 176,427 cords of pulpwood in 1960 were the counties of Burke, Columbia, Glascock, Jefferson, McDuffie, Taliaferro, Wilkes and Warren as well as Richmond County, the home of Augusta. Some 43 pulpwood producing concerns employ almost 1,000 workers. Experts in such matters estimate that every pulpwood truck operating in a county means about $23,000 a year for that community's economy. Citizens of the Augusta trade area see scores of pulpwood trucks coming and going every week. That means they literally watch the money rolling in. The nine trade area counties, dealing in a whopping 224,533,266 board feet of saw timber annually, produce a wide variety of timber products including rough lumber, finished lumber, pulpwood, chips, cleats, crates, posts, builders , supplies, flooring , framing, sheeting, veneer, board staves, crossties, broom and furniture squares, chair seats and frames, and wood handles for axes, sledges, picks and hammers. Continental Can was a maj or triumph, but Augusta's relentless industry hunters have captured other timber using plants, or encouraged the expansion of already existing plants. Sourhern Glassine Company, man- ufacturing a transparent, translus- cent paper used in food and candy packaging, set up a $ 2, 500,000 plant, employing 68 workers, last year. The annual payroll runs a- round $442,000. The Georgia Paci- fic Corporation, a big lumber, ply- wood and paper concern, has its Southern Division headquarters offices in downtown Augusta and employs about 75 people. The Lily Tulip Cup Corporation recently ex- panded its Augusta operations. F ine Products Company is another im portant plant. These big industries, taken to- gether, employ about 1,010 workers and the combined payroll runs close to $5.5 million a year. But the big industries are not the wh ole story of the effect of Georgia's timberlands on the Augusta economy. Playing no small part are Augusta's lumber and mill products companies, employing a total of around 430 workers and accounting for a com- bined payroll of about $1,073,280. Nor is the story completed by a mere listing of companies and employees. Experts estimate that for every person employed at a pulpmill, for instance, there are four or five workers rn woodlands or related areas indirectly connected with the mill operation. When Augusta's boosters went out see king industry, one of their main talking points was undoubtedly the city's excellent transportation facilities. The trucking and railroad industries, while not directly connected with timber production, play a vital transportation role. Accurate figures on what timber-using operations mean to transportation are difficult to compile, but one of Augusta's pulp plants had 45,000 cords delivered by rail in a seven month period at an estimated cost of $157,500. This is only one example of how wood-using industries in Augusta's trade area enrich other sections of the economy. The Augusta area offers many advantages for an industry seeking a good place to locate a plant. Continental Can, for example, was attracted by the transportation facilities and the ready supply of water from .t.:: Savannah River, a pnme necessity for the plant which uses some 25 millio!l gallons a day. But Georgia's rich treasure of forest trees was also a major consideration in this company's decision to locate in Augusta. Continental; the biggest single initial investment ever to come into Georgia other than military establishments, is expected to spend more than $5,500,000 a year for raw forest materials. Augusta and its trade area supply a heavy share of the forest materials used by such operations as Continental. The nine counties considered as part of the trade area contain a total of about 1,218,100 acres of commercial forest land. Richmond County is well aware of its woodlands and the economic value of timber to the surrounding area. The county has long been one of the most outstanding supporters of the work of county rangers and the Georgia Forestry Commission. The county and district rangers work closely in cooperation with landowners and wood users in the Augusta area, advising on good forestry practices and protecting the vast stands of trees that are so important in Augusta's fast developing economic progress . Augusta's hard-working industry hunters achieved a major triumph when the Continental Can Company decided to locate a huge plant on 2,600 acres outside the city. The company, with an annual payroll of well over 13 million, manufactures 300 tons of bleach sulfate board a day and is one of a number of wood-using industries playing an important role in Augusta' s economy. HAROLD JOINER OUTSTANDING FARM EDITOR Recently, a reporter covering the Georgia Forestry _Association convention on Georgia's Gold Coas t a t Jekyll Island, was surpri sed when his name resounded from the emcee as bein g a recipien t of th e Golden Pine C one award. The reporter was Harold Joiner, farm editor, Atlanta Journal. The Pine Cone award is the la tes t of ma n y recognitions give n the Journal farm editor for outstanding contributions to agriculture . The Laurens Countian participated in the Interna tional Farm Youth Exchange Program a ft er rec e iving his Journalism Degree from the Univer sity of Georgia in 1952 . of the Atlanta Con s titution. In 1953, the Arm y c a lled, and for t wo year s h e re c e ived a bac kground m public information work . Joiner' s junke ts from the hilltops and valleys of North Georgia to the fla t lands of South Georgia cover some 40-50,000 mi les annually . His ~agerness to know the man on the farm , his problems and needs, is re flected in his wee kly column. Forestry, in Georgia, wh-ich has grown by lea ps and bound s during the past decade, owes much to the written picture, of not only Harold Join er , but a ll farm editors in the s tate who have presented th e tree as an econom y crop of the present and future . Harold f oiner, outstanding farm editor In 1956, Joiner received th e first of three awards from th e Georg ia Farm Bureau for outstanding service s to Agriculture . Ouring the same period, he was named winner of the high es t award presented by th e FF A, the 4onorary Georgia Planter Degree. Joiner s tated that one of his most cheris hed awards is the Na tiona l 4 -H Alumni Award presented in Chicago in 1960. The award is presented to 4 -H Alumni who have c ontinued to work for and live by those ideals set by 4-H. Joiner' s interest in agriculture and forestry s tems from his 4 -H days. While obtaining his Journalism de gree . Joiner worked part time with the Agricul tural Ex tension Serv ice . Following his tenure as an exchange s tuden t, Joiner joined the news s taff f. Carl Adams RETIREMENT Fifth Dis trict Fire Control R anger J. Carl Adams has flipped his last flap, plowed his last fire break and answered his last midnight fire call. Adams' retirement June 30 marked the en d of a meritorious career with the State that began in 1929 with the Hig hw ay Department. The Montgomery Countia n came with the Forestry Commission in ovember 1943 as Ranger I of his home county. In 1954 he was made Ranger II and in J an . 1957 he was promoted to Fifth District Fire Control Ranger. His high moral s tanding and standards of ethic s is a tribute to his fa mily, the citizens of Mon t gome ry County and the Commi ss ion. During Adams' career, he passed from one era to a nother in forestry. From an era whe n the forest were taken for granted to the present where the forests are considered a part of our every day existance. Adams, on retiring recalled the days when he had only one tractor a nd by himself went from tract to tract plowing fire breaks, if the owners would let him, in preparation for the fire season ahead. In those days, he remarked, fires were flapped out, not plowed out as today because the equipment wasn't available. LETTER Mr. Julian Reeves Georgia Foresrry Commission Rome, Georgia Dear Mr. Reeves: More valuable chan rhe crops your personnel saved from rh e rains char followed rhe s rorm week before lasr, was rhe rhoug hr ch a r rh e re i s sy mp a rh e ric help avai lab l e a r s uch a rime. I wa nr co rh ank F red Baker and hi s c rew for rheir very willing help. Very crul y yours, Henry Owings Ringgold, Georgia Mr. Al vin T. l~l allace Claycon Co unr y Fores cr y Unir P. 0. Box 522 Jonesboro, Georgia Dear Mr. 'Vallace: Mr. Roberr Re id and I express our grari rude for rhe prompr response a nd effi cienr work done by yo ur fire fighring unir o n F e bruary llrh when rhe woodla nds of o ur properry we re se r fire. 'Yie fee l ch a r, had ir nor been for yo ur speed in reaching rh e sce ne wi th rhe necessary men and equipmenr , our loss wo uld have been ma ny rimes as grear . Sincerely , George H. Smith , Minisrer Ease Point Presbyreria n Church Ease Poinr, Georgi a Ranger T . M. Strickland 2035 Lumpkin Road Aug usra, Georgia Dear Ranger Strickland: J us r wanred t o re ll yo u how very much I appreci a red yo ur us ual efficient service handling our fire. You have helped us out many rime s in th e past a nd I just w ant ro say rhank yo u for everyrhing . Sincere ly, Jim 'YJe ll s Sourhern Roofing & Insularing Co. Aug us t a, Geo~gia Logging the foresters ... Pelham Vo-Ag t eacher, i\1. R. Stewart, fourth from left, explains his state prize winning Schoo l Fores t t o the program's judges and visitors as th ey admire his sign. The Pelham FFA Chapter, this year, won out over 49 school s in the Utzion Bag -Camp Paper Corp. and Georg ia Depart ment of Vocational Agriculture sponsored forest ry program. P ROMOTION...Frank Eadie, Sixth District F orester, Milledgeville, has been tran s ferred to the Man agemen t De partment. He is heading up the Wa tershed Program in the Coosa Rive r Critic a l Wa ters hed Program which is under the direction of th e Soil Conserva tion Districts a nd the Soil Conserva ti on Service. W. D. .Millians, Jr. succeeds Eadie . Millians was Ass i s t a nt Fourth District Forester, Fire Control, Newnan. P ROMOTION .. .Dr. William A. Campbell, research center leader , Ath ens, has been prom oted and transferred to the new disease and insect laborator y no w under construction at orth Carolina's Research Triangle. Joseph Pechanec, direc tor, Southeas tern Forest Experiment tation, Asheville, said that Campbell will conduct fundamental studies of disease problems in the area and plan new programs of disease research to be pursued at the new lab. INFO CHIEF AMED . .. William W. Huber, new Assistant Regional Forester, is in charge of USFS information programs in the outh. He succeeds George S. James who was promoted to Deputy to Ass istant C hief A. W. Greely . Greely is in charge of nationwide ational Fores t Protection and Deve lopment. Since 1955, Huber has been director of the ational Smokey Bear Forest Fire Prevention program . During his tenure the program received the American Public Relations Association Silver Anvil Award . F lorida Governor Farris Bryant signs Foresters' Registration Act. The signing made the Southeastern Section of the Soci ety of American Foresters 100 percent in the establishment of such provisions. Other members of the Section are Alabama and Georgia. Present at th e signing were Don Post, left , Un iv ersity of Florida professor and chairman, Florida Chapter, SAF; and Frank Al bert, Manager of Lands and Forests, Southern Woodla nd s Division, St. Regis Paper Co., chairma n elect. Florida Y ouths j ohn Morris, F ernand ina, and Ralph Pace tti, Jr. , Ca llahan, cent e r, are w inn e rs of t he Continent al Can Co.' s t wo fo ur- year f ores tr y scholarships valued at 1,000 each per year. \Valter N. S tone, Con tine ntal Can, Savannah, left; Dean A. M. Herrick, School of Fores tr y, Univers it y of Georg ia, A thens; Dr. C. M. Kaufman, direc tor, School of Fores try, Un iver sity of Florida, Gainesville; and ). F. Sp ie rs, area fo rester, Southern Pulpwood Conserva t ion Associat ion; made the selection. J OINT MEETI G...The Society of American Foresters a nd the Canadian In stitute of Forestry will hold a joint meeting at Minneapolis, Minn., Oct. 8-ll , 1961. "F oresi:ry's Common F rontiers " is the them e of the international meeting of pr