FARMERS & CONSUMERS Tommy Irvin, Commissioner Georgia Department of Agriculture Market Bulletin Volume 58 W.K. Wood*ll Pecan Industry Makes Progress Wednesday, November 22, 1972 Number 47 The pecan industry has made great progress in recent years, due largely to the help the growers have received from state and federal departments 1 of agriculture. Then help and ;co - operation :has led to a [knowledge of If how to combat [disease and iinsects so (that we are able to grow I more pecans of better quality. Chemical and machinery manufacturers have also made a great contribution to our im- proved methods. There are still, however, some im- (Our guest columnist this week ist W. K. Woodall, Past President, Georgia Pecan Growers Association, 310 S. Center Street, Thomaston 30286.)_________________ provements that are very necessary for further progress in our industry. First of all we need to learn how to make our trees bear every year instead of every other year. The practices recommended by the Department of Agriculture have helped a great deal, and some of the growers thought they had this problem licked, after five or six good crops in succession, but this year "Mother Nature" came back strong and set us down real hard with about half a crop of pecans in Georgia. This "every other year" routine leads to erratic markets and prices as well as irregular quality. The industry needs standardization, particularly in marketing. We have seen one innovation in buying in recent years that, I believe, offers great potential for the future. That is the buying of pecans from the growers on the point system. This practice is simply paying for a lot of pecans on the basis of the amount of nut meats it will yield. In the early part of the 1971 season, pecans that would yield 50% meats were bringing 50 cents per pound in the shell, and pecans yielding only 40% meats brought only 40 cents per pound. This was called the "penny a point" system. Of course this basic price would and should vary according to the quality of the nut meats. This system would be fair to buyer and seller alike, for the value of the nut is in the amount and quality of meats produced. The buyer would have a good marketable product and it would encourage the grower to produce better quality pecans in order to realize better prices. This practice of selling the con- sumer a "cat in a bag" has been with us much too long and it is high time we in the pecan business give more (Continued on Page 8) Mr. and Mrs. Terrell Roper, of Cannon, Georgia, with the assistance of their family, operate one of Georgia's largest turkey farms. The family has been in the turkey business in Franklin County for more than twenty years. This year they have produced about 50,000 Nicholas broad breast white meat turkeys. In addition they breed about 2,500 laying hens for an average production of 50 pullets per hen. Go* Turkey Production Grows Irvin Receives Land Bank Award Commissioner of Agriculture Tommy Irvin was honored last week at the annual meeting of the Georgia Farm Bureau Federation, being held on Jekyll Island, Georgia, when he was presented the "Annual Land Bank Award" for service to agriculture. Robert A. Darr made the presentation on behalf of the Federal Land Bank of Columbia, South Carolina and the Federal Intermediate Credit Bank of Columbia for Commissioner Irvin's outstanding and significant contribution to agricultural progress. The award is presented annually to a selected individual or organization in recognition of enhancement of the agricultural economy. President Darr said in selecting recipients of the award emphasis is given to the "contribution of the individual toward future progress of the agricultural economy as well as creation of a better understanding of the importance of agriculture to the economy of the four states served by the banks: Georgia, Florida, North and South Carolina. Food - A Bargain The percentage of your income that is spent on food is decreasing. In 1930 it was 24 per cent. In 1960 it was 20 per cent. Today it is 16.3 per cent. By spending about a sixth of your income for food, you are a lot better off than you would be in any other country. Latin Americans spend 22 to 46 per cent of their incomes for food, Western Europeans 22 to 37 per cent and Eastern Europeans 40 to 55 per cent. It costs Africans 25 to 60 per cent and Asians 25 to 50 per cent of their incomes. When you think of poultry, you think of Georgia, but it takes the Thanksgiving Season to remember the chicken's big brother, the turkey. Seed Companies Violate Standards The Athens Seed Company, Athens, and the Murrow Brothers Seed Farms, Farmington, have been cited to appear at hearings for violating state seed standards. The Athens case involved seven 50 pound bags of cotton seed that did not meet minimum state germination standards and which were sold after a stop "sale order had been placed against the seed. The Farmington case involved three hundred 50 pound bags of cotton seed tagged to show 80 percent germination when state tests revealed only 38 percent germination. All such seed sold in Georgia are required by law to be tested for germination and purity and tagged to show test results. The minimum germination standard for cotton is 70 percent. Georgia is presently producing more than two million turkeys each year for processing. This is over 40 million pounds of turkey meat each year and accounts for about 10 million dollars in gross income to the state's economy. The turkey farm in Georgia today is quite different from several years back. No longer do you see the multicolored birds of Pilgrim days. Today the large all-white turkey that is mostly* meat grazes Georgia's turkey farms. In 1961, our state was producing only 670,000 of the big birds with a gross income of about two million dollars. During the past ten years the over all national production of turkeys has increased about 20 percent whereas the production in Georgia has increased about 300 percent. According to Dr. H. E. Wildey, Extension Poultry Scientist, Georgia can look ahead to increased production as the north Georgia moderate (Continued on Page 8) I Straight Line ( We have an old well hole that is about 225 feet deep. This hole is about 25 or 30 feet from the newly drilled well from which we are getting our drinking water. Would it be alright to fill this hole with garbage? Mrs. R. L., Jackson Mr. Moses McCall of the Environment Protection Division, Department of National Resources states that it would not be advisable to discard garbage in the dug well due to the close proximity to the new well. If garbage were placed in this hole, pollutants from the garbage would leak into the ground water and cause contamination of the new water supply. We suggest that you fill this hole with earth, rocks, stumps and similar material instead. **** This bug is sawing off my pecan limbs. Can you advise what to do? Mrs. L. O., Brunswick (Continued on Page 8) Page 2 We Get Letters Dear Editor: The American Legion Post No. 122, Cairo, Georgia, is interested in obtaining any kind of unusual fowl, namely unusual chickens, guineas, turkeys, ducks, etc. We especially want a pair of Canada geese and a pair of white swans. If anyone would like to donate any of these, we would appreciate it, or if there is a charge, we would be interested in purchasing same. W. B. Worthy P. O. Box 305 Cairo, Georgia Dear Editor: I would like to get a recipe for pound cake in which cream cheese is one of the ingredients. Perhaps one of your readers might be able to furnish this recipe. I would appreciate it. F. L. Bolton 205 Residence Ave. Albany, Georgia 31701 Want couple to live on farm, man to look after cattle and do farm work, must know how to operate tractor. H. L. Cherry, Rt. 4, Covington 30209. Ph. 786-5205.______________ Man and wife with 7 children, want work caring for chicken houses, need 3 bedrm. house with lights and water, want Irg. garden spot, age of children 11-20 yrs. Mrs. Clara Adams, Rt. 4. Glennville 30427.___________ Want job as milker in parlor barn, have had plenty of exp. Johnnie Cadden, Rt. 1, Baxley 31513.______ Want couple for small cattle farm operation, good modern house, other benefits, can hold outside job also. F. M. Prince. Rt. 2. Ranger.______ Want someone to do light farm work and maintain tractors and farm machinery, must be sober. L. B. Hays. Mansfield. Ph. 786-8250.______ 2 men want job on cattle, horse or poultry farm, exp. in horseshoeing and blacksmith, can handle most any ferm equip., have wife, 13 mo. old daughter and father-in-law. George Bryant, c/o Woodalls Trailer Park. Rt. 2, Alto.______________ Want couple or small family to help develop and operate farm, good house, gen. salary, located in Covington area. R. J. Williams, 1060 N. Jamestown Rd., Decatur 30033. Ph. 634-1234.____________ Want job as helper on farm, must have place to live, please send bus ticket and $2 or $3 for food. Jeff Carpenter, Rt. 1. Box 1940, Richmond Hill 31324. Ph. 756-2105.______ Want sober man, who is familiar' with handling cattle and farm machinery, good house with all conveniences, near shopping center, schools and churches. Roswell vicinity. J. W. Hughes, Rt. 1, Roswell. h. 993-2106.__________ FARMERS & CONSUMERS MARKET BULLETIN Georgia Department of Agriculture Agriculture Building 19 Hunter St., S. W. Atlanta, Georgia 30334 404-656-3727 Tommy Irvin, Commissioner Want someone to work on farm and help with Standardbred horses, must be reliable and sober, will furnish place to live. John F. Patterson. Patterson Dr., Dalton 30720. Ph. 278- 7198.____________________ Want man for S. Ga. cattle and tim- ber operation, full time work, house with plumbing, elec., on school bus rt. Troy Davis, Rt. 2, Folkston. Ph. 496- 7094.___________________ Will build any kind of farm fence, pastures, etc., no job too Irg. or far away. John R. Griffitts, 969 Forest Ave., B-4. Forest Park 30050. Ph. 366-8748._____________________ Want married man and family for breeder hens, house furnished, sober and reliable. $85 per wk. Burgin F. Miller. Rt. 4. Monroe. Ph. 267-6215. Want family for breeder hen farm, have 3 bedrm. house. E. P. Alien, Rt. 1. Commerce 30529. Ph. 335-6379 after 7 p. m.___________________ Want someone to help look after small herd of cattle, rent free 2 bedrm. trailer, located in Jackson Co.. near Commerce. Jack Waldrop. 524 Hanes Dr., Forest Park 30050. Ph. 366-5426 wk. days or 335-6496 wk. ends._________________ Man in 30's with wife and 11 yr. old son, wants job on horse or cattle farm. exp. with both. Marvin Lackey. 312 Alien St.. Cumming 30130. Ph. 887-7498.________________ Want someone with trailer and income to work part time with farm produce, worms and fish pond in exchange for rent on trailer space and small salary. John D. Herrin. Sr., Rt. 1. Box 210. Jesup 31545.______ Will do artificial insemination of beef and dairy cattle. Cherokee Co. area. William R. Odom. Rt. 2, Woodstock. Ph. 926-5420 or 345-5591 Canton.___________________ 17 yr. old girl wants job on horse farm, has exp. with horses and running stables. Kathy Howe. College Park. Ph. 964-3486.__________ Want milkers for Surge and DeLaval Herringbone milk parlor. V. E. Sanders, Sanders Dairy, Forsyth. Ph. 994-5687. Family of 14 wants to live on farm and do farm chores, husband, wife and 7 of the children are good part time hands, prefer S. Hall Co. Ralph Chappell, Box 9, Buford. Ph. 9455755. Farm machinery and equipment Address all requests to be added to or removed from the mailing list, change of address and Form 3579 to the Market Bulletin office at the above address. AH notices and advertisements should be addressed to Market Bulletin at the above address. The Farmers and Consumers Market Bulletin assumes no responsibility for any notice appearing in the Bulletin nor for any transaction resulting from published notices. Advertisers are cautioned that it is against the law to misrepresent any product offered for sale in a public notice or advertisement carried in any publication that is delivered through the United States mail. Deborah Pullin, Editor Amy Baxley, Asst. Ed., Editorial Published weekly at 19 Hunter Street S. W., Atlanta 30334. Second class postage paid at Atlanta, ______________ White nylon bedspread cro. 98 x 116 in. $75, woven loop pot holders, 4, $1, asst. cols. Mrs. J. D. Ellis, Jr., Rt. 5, Box 98, Ellijay 30540. Bonnets and apron sets, $2.50, clothes pin apron, 65 cents, small aprons, 50 cents, ea., and other items, add post. Mrs. Jack Beverly, Rt. 2, Box 254, Jesup 31545.________ White single tatting, 50 cents per yd., add post. Mrs. W. H. Thompson, Rt. 2, Lenox 31637.__________ 3 in 1 use as apron, clothes pin bag or bonnet, $1, plus 25 cents post., loom woven pot holders, 4, $1, plus 25 cents post. Mrs. Bessie Sims, 441 Chestnut St., N. E. Lawrenceville 30245.____________________ Pumpkin shape Apron, 16 x 20 in., orange w/green leaf pockets, thread embroidery, Pumpkin potholder, $3, set, 15 cents, post. Mrs. Harvey Collins, Rt. 1, Danielsville 30633. Baby quilts, 36 x 54, white print col. animal applique, pink, blue, yellow, green, fake fur baby blankets, white front col. back applique to match, $10, 70 cents post. Helen Dodd, Rt. 2, Box 68 B, Rising Fawn 30738._______________ Girl's velveteen dresses, size 1-3, $4, 4-5, $5, 6-6x, $6, red velveteen pants, white angel top, size 2, $3. Elizabeth Coleman, 1405 Danielsville Rd., Athens 30601. notice Lost, 9 days ago, a white and black spotted dog, with name and address on collar, female about 10 mos. in Lumpkin Co. H. B. Lowman, 6642 Canton Hwv., Lithonia 30058. Page 8 5k THE MARKET BULLETIN George Washington, 1789 First Thanksgiving Proclamation "HThat we may then all unite in *- rendering unto Him our sincere and humble thanks for His kind care and protection of the people of this country; for the civil and religious liberty with which we are blessed, and, in general, for all the great and various favors, which He has been pleased to confer upon us." The elm is one of the most widespread and well known of our native trees and in the north is the favorite shade tree for street planting. The shape of open-grown trees has been referred to as that of a feather duster, wineglass and even a "Colonial lady upside down". The wood of the elm is extremely tough and hard to split. It is hardly ever used for campfires unless nothing else is available and you're freezing to death. The bark was used by the Indians for utensils and rope was made from the fibrous portion. Our early settlers soaked the bark in water and pulled off long flat strips for making chair bottoms. The Slippery elm has been noted since pioneer days on account of its inner bark, which is aromatic and chewed to quench thirst. It is also used as a poultice when powdered or in the form of a water decoction for throat inflammations and fever. The Iroquois Indians preferred the bark of the Slipper elm for making their canoes because the bark "slipped" or peeled off more easily for handling. The leaves of the elms are alternate, simple, elliptical to oval with coarse double teeth. The tree itself is usually about 60 to 80 feet high and about 3 to 4 feet in diameter. During the fall, the brilliant yellowgold leaves of the elms are easily spotted. Valera Jessee Pecan Industry (Continued from page 1) thought to the consumer. Most house wives prefer pecans over all other nuts, but not when the price is $1.50 per pound one year and $2.50 the next year for the same quality nuts. Lack of basic standards in the pecan industry points up the need for growers, buyers and processors to get together and make plans to stabilize this fast growing industry and give the consumer a break. Turkey Production (Continued from page 1) climate is excellent for raising the big birds. Turkeys do not like hot weather, but the pullets cannot bear too much cold, either. In addition to the two million plus meat turkeys, Georgia also has about 50,000 breeding hens that produce 50 to 60 pullets each year. Straight Line ( (Continued from page 1) ^^^ : This insect is the pecan tree girdler. It lays its eggs in the cutoff twigs. For control, you should burn these twigs. **#* Are English ivy and wisteria poisonous for cattle to graze? M. K., Dacula Our Plant and Entomology Division advises that the English ivy is considered poisonous to cattle. The wisteria, however, is not harmful. To destroy the English ivy, we suggest that you spray with 2,4,5-T, being cautious not to spray the trees. This spray, as well as Silvex, will also kill the wisteria. *** Can you tell me what this plant is? The leaves turn dark and fall off but the plant stays green. What kind of care does this plant need? Mrs. H. P., Tallapoosa The plant is one of the Dieffenbachias and it has had a heavy infestation of insects. May we suggest that you spray with malathion or an aerosol house plant bomb (not household) for control of the insects. For the care of this plant, water with a liquid fertilizer, being careful not to keep the plant too wet. Water only when soil feels dry or the plant looks slightly limp. Four Basic Food Groups Provide Vital Nutrition The body needs nutrients to maintain proper growth and regulation of body processes. Essential nutrients for which needed amounts have been recom- mended include: protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, three vitamins of the Bcomplex group (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin), and vitamin C. Other important nutrients not in recommended amounts include fats and carbohydrates. Ag Production Up Greater productivity on the farm has enabled agriculture to increase crop production 148 per cent and livestock production per man hour 149 per cent during the last 20 years. The American farmer has an enviable record of efficiency. Back in 1950 each farmer provided enough food to feed 20 people. Ten years later he fed 27 people. Today each farmer raises enough food for 52 people. Cotton Forecast Georgia's 1972 cotton crop is forecast at 370,000 bales based on information reported by ginners and crop correspondents as of November 1, the Georgia Crop Reporting Service has announced. The estimate is unchanged from last month but 4,000 below last year's production of 374,000 bales. CHRISTMAS TREES Sixteen varieties of Christmas trees are being tested at Tifton. These varieties include the common Georgia red cedar and some from as far away as Turkey. The tests are being conducted by Forester Bill Murray of the Extension Service. An adequate diet supplies all the known essential nutrients in suf- ficient amounts for the maintenance of health in the normal individual. The daily food guide, which puts needed foods in four groups, is a good basis for choosing foods that will provide a balanced diet. The four groups are milk, meat, fruit and vegetable and bread-cereal. The foods in the milk group provide the most importance source of calcium. This group includes milk, cheese and ice cream. The recommended serving is two or three cups of milk a day. The meat group includes meat, fish, poultry and eggs. This group is the best source of protein, iron and the B vitamins. Two or more servings daily is recommended. The meat substitutes are dry beans, dry peas and nuts. The fruit and vegetable group sup- plies vitamins A and C. Choose dark green and deep yellow fruits and vegetables for vitamin A and citrus fruit for vitamin C. Four or more servings a day are needed. The bread-cereal group provides protein, iron and B vitamins. Four or more servings are needed daily. Fat, oil, sugar and sweets, though not included in the food groups, are important for their energy value. Wednesday, November 22, 1972 Agricultural Calendar MEETINGS Dec. 2--Natl. American Saddlebred PI. Horse Convention, Riviera Motel, Atlanta. In terested parties please contact Mrs. Sara Bogen, Ph. 3514130. Dec. 3--5--29th Annual Con vention of Ga. Assn. of Soil and Water Conservation Districts, Macon Hilton Hotel, Macon. For info, con tact Frank Crawford, Rt. 1, Rockmart 30153, Ph. 404/684-6531. Dec. 5--Farm Management Short Course, Rural Development Center, Tifton. Dec. 7--Beans and Southern Peas Short Course, Rural Develop ment Center, Tifton. FARM SALES EVENTS Nov. 24--7:30 PM - Special Breeder Swine Sale, Waycross L/S Market, Waycross. Nov. 25--8 PM and every Sat. Diamond B Horse Auction & Tack; 2031 Bonner & Gilbert Rd.. off Lour, Thomaston Rd., Wm. Breland, Macon. Ph. 912/935-9987 or 935-8601. Nov. 27--7:30 PM - and every Mon. night - Horse & Tack Auction, Dr. Lamar Moree's Rocking Horse Auction; Albany Hwy., Sylvester. Ph. 912/776-3143. Nov. 28--11 AM - and every Tues. - Horse and Tack Sale, Walker Horse and Mule Co., Hwy. 84 East, Quitman. Ph. 263-4081. Nov. 29--1 PM - 50 Charolais bulls, lunch served, LH Ranch, Lisle R. Bowers, Mgr., Rt. 3, Smokey Rd., Newnan 30263, phone 404/253-0328. Dec. 4--Top O' The Hill Farm Limousin Female Sale; US 84 W Quitman, R. R. Frost, Ph. 263-7026. Dec. 8--7 PM - Special Breeder Cattle Sale, Turner Co. Stockyards, Ashburn. For info, contact H. R. Wiggins, Ph. 567-3371, 567-3881. Dec. 8--1 PM - Pride of Dixie Bull Sale, Coastal Plains Ex periment Station. For info, contact Jim Vogt, Box 593, Perry, 31069. Dec. 9--1 PM - All Charolais Female Sale, spoil, by Ga. Charolais Breeders Assn. Coastal Plains Experiment ' Station, Tifton. Dec. 9--9:30 AM - 3rd Annual Walking Horse Sale, Gwinnett Co. Fairgrounds, Lawrenceville. For info, contact Kay Harris, 3258 McGarity Ln., Kennesaw, 30144, Ph. 404/427-1075. FEEDER PIG SALES Nov. 23-- Pearson L/S Market, Pearson. Nov. 24--Swainsboro Stockyard, Swainsboro. Nov. 24--Dodge Co. L/S Salebarn, Eastman. Nov. 25--Soperton Stockyard, Soperton. Nov. 27--Parkers Stockyard, Statesboro. Nov. 28--Flint River L/S, Bainbridge. Nov. 28--Sumter L/S Assn., Americus. Nov. 30--Pulaski Stockyard, Hawkinsville. Nov. 30--Pearson L/S Market, Pearson. Dec. 1--Hagan L/S Market, Hagan. Dec. 1--Sutton L/S Co., Sylvester. Dec. 1--Dodge Co. L/S Salebarn, Eastman. Dec. 1--Jepeway-Craig Com mission, Dublin. Dec. 1--7 PM- Turner Co. Stockyards, Ashburn. For info, contact H. R. Wiggins, Ph. 567-3371, or 567-3881, castrated pigs only.