AUGUST: 1887 CONTENTS Tue Fate ELEMENT IN GREEK TRAGEDY, THE GREAT QUESTION, THE Duty OF THE Hour, THE FISK JUBILEE SINGERS, COMMUNICATIONS, : Fouuy. MILts, EDITORIAL, AN EXPERTENCE IN TEXAS, OBITUARY, PERSONAL, LOCAL. : ; ADVERTISEMENTS, FISK UNIVERSIILY FACUL IN OFFICERS AND TEACHERS, Rey. Erastus M. Cravath, D.D., President and Professor of Mental and Moral Science. Rev. Adam K. Spence, ME A,, Dean 2nd Professor of Greek and Rev. Henry S. Bennett, M. A., Secretary of Faculty, Professor of Theology and German, and Univer- sity Pastor. Rev. Frederick A. Chase, M. A., Professor of Natural Science. Miss Helen C.. Morgan, M,. A,, Professor of Latin. Herbert H. Wright, M. A., Pro- 4essor of Mathematics and Instructor an. Vocal Music. Rv. Edwin Ce. Stickel, (M.A. Treasurer, Miss Anna M. Cahill, Instructor in History and English Literature in Nor- mal Department. Miss Anna T. Ballantine, Principal of Young Ladies Department and In- -.structor in Rhetoric. William R. Morris, B. A., (Resi- dent Graduate), Assistant Instructor. an Natural Science, and Instructor on Violin. Miss Sarah Bowen Principal of Common English Department and Instructor in Reading. Miss Mary E. Edwards, Instructor in United States History, Geography. and Drawing. Miss Henrietta Matson, Instructor in Grammar and Composition, Miss Luella Miner, Instructor in Writing, Geography and Familiar Sct- ence. Miss Celia E. Burr, Instructor in Arithmetic. Miss Mary L. Matthews, in charge of Intermediate School. Mrs. L. R. Green, in charge of Model School and Practice Teaching: Miss Jennie A: Robinson, Instruc- tor in Instrumental Music and Voice Culture. Miss Mary E. Chamberlin, Assist- ant Instructor in Instrumental Music. Miss S. M. Wells, Instructor in Nursing and Hygiene. Mrs. W. D. McFarland, Instructor in Cooking and Sewing. Miss Laura A, Parmelee, Matron of Livingstone Hall. Miss Maria Parsons, Matron of Jub- ilee Miss Helen CC. Morgan, Librarian. Ransom C. Edmondson, Assistant Librarian: A MONTHLY COLLEGE JOURNAL PUBLISHED BY THE LITERARY SOCIETIES OL FISK VOL. IV, NASHVILLE, TENN., AUGUST, 1887, 3 NO. 1 12: THE FATE ELEMENT IN GREEK TRGEDY. HE fifth century before Christ. marks therise, full-moon tide of the glory and decline of Athens, the seat of the art and culture of the world. While Rome was yet in her infancy Greece, mysterious land of myths, of Gods and legends of noble mortals, of beautiful isles and mount- ains, with a form of government so extremely democratic as to be un- thought of before her and unequalled since, reigned mistress of the world. When the Jews, the only nation resting on the one Jehovah, were mourning their captivity at Babylon, the philosophers of Greece were striv- ing nobly for the light. The great Socrates had through his own strug- gles nearly reached the truth, if it be true, that he believed in one God, his Daimon. In this century lived most of the men over whose thoughts the college student has spent many weary hours | Herodotus, Thucydides, Socrates, Xenophon, Plato, and the great tra- gedians, AXschylus, Sophocles and Euripides. There seems to have been a growth in literature generally and the drama sprang into existance almost at the touch of the wand of genius. Grote enthusiastically imagined that tragedy was adorned with a _ splendid gallaxy of genius, equalled only by that of the Elizabethan era of modern times. This was the age of Pericles, the age of art, of beautiful edifices and statues, the beginning of the age of philosophy, the age of the glory of Greece. For materials, the authors went. to the myths and legends which had - grown gradually for hundreds of years, inspiring tales of heroism, terrible sto- ries of fate and revenge of the gods, to the song of Troys destruction sung by the grand old bard many years bilete. Ah Greece! Who can describe her beauty. her majesty, her glory ! What a field for poetry | Who shall dare sing the sufferings of Prometheus, the woes of the house of Labdacus, the fate of the il-starred (Edipus, the heroism of the noblest ideal of woman Greece ever produc- ed, the courageous and pean An- tigone ? : The prominent feature of (rai. tragedy i is the doctrine of fate running through the whole structure, In Adams fall we sinned all is a doctrine still held bymany believ- ers in Christianity. In Greek tragedy the doctrine is carried out to its fullest extent and _ its: predestination in its most terrible light. Perhaps the most striking instance is the fate that pur- sued the house of Labdacus. On ac- count of a fate which he tried to es- cape, (Edipus, son of Laos, unknow- ingly slew his father and committed incesttfous marriage. The city over which he ruled was disturbed of the 5 ~ THE FISK HERALD. gods. (Edipus was most zealous to find the slayer of Laos and free the city from guilt, himself unwittingly the murderer. We are filled with horror ashe heaps curses upon the un- known offender which are to return upon his own head. When the old priest Teiresias, after being abused by the king for his si- lence, fiinally accused him of the crime, he is beside himself with indig- nation; but as one fact after another is revealed,a vague horror creeps over him, asort of inner premonition of some terrible: fate, At last as he, a perfectly innocent and upright man, beholds the evidence, accumulating in a most dreadful manner, that he, is guilty of a vile crime, his frenzy of | grief and despair knows no bounds. Regarding himself as too wicked to look upon the earth, he puts out both his eyes. Then the once proud and haughty king, humiliated, broken down, says ; Yes, what remains to see, Or what to love or hear, ~ With any touch of joy ? Lead me away, my friends, with utmost speed Lead me away, the foul, polluted one, Of all men most accursed, Most hateful to the gods. Well did the chorus *Mourn with passing sorrow From loudly-plaintive lips. Then why should he wander an out- cast, shunned by men? Old, blind, wretched, noted through all the earth - for his woes, sinking beneath the bur- den of shame and misfortune, we find him in the Gidipus Covoneus, led by his devoted daughter, Antigone. How pitiful was a faith in gods who. could wage a war of personal anger and vengeance through generations on ac- ount of some grudge against an an \ cient ancestor. Even to the noble ~ Antigone did the fate extend, for the chorus says; I see the ancient suf- ferings of the house of Labdacus, fol- - lowing on the sufferings of the dead, nor does one generation atone for the race, but some one of the gods still smites it down nor has it a moments release. Many other instances where fate and the will of the gods form the main cause of all that happens in the trag- edy, could be given. The same idea is brought out in many minor expres- sions as when Creon says; On my head the god then dashed with heavy impulse and drove me on to furious ways. What was the intention of authors in making this element of predestina: tion so prominent? Was it simply to afford a field for a finely wrought trag- -edy ? It constituted a part of the re- ligion of the people. Did, then, the writers accept it in its magnificent re- lentlesness ? Was it their aim to teach - the people religion as they themselves believed it, obedience to the gods, the sure destruction of the proud mortal who would question the course of those who: held his destiny in~ their hands, fear of unwitting offense against some deity? To what extent did they themselves believe in the gods ? Again and again, especially in the works of Sophocles, we ask perplex- ed; Did he think this just? Did he think the people to? If the people approved of afflicting blameless men with the most dreadful sufferings for deeds for which the gods are respon- sible, what a poor and inadequate idea of right and wrong must have ~ been theirs! i aX i 5 ORONO = : THEFISK HERALD, = Had they no feeling of resentment against giving homage to creatures moved by impulse and passion and,as depicted by Euripides at least, more despicable in character than morta!s? Is it probable that with Sophocles the deeper motive of arousing the minds of the people to consider ques- tions, which though at first confusing, should lead them to search for. the truth? Notwithstanding the severity of a religion by which men are pursu- ed by an inevitable fate and bear the sins even of the gods, yet we find in Greek tragedy many noble thoughts concerning death. Antigone places all hope, all thoughts of joy _ be- yond the grave. She is sustained in her course of opposition to Creon by the belief that she would soon be with those who are dear to her. Again and again do we find beauti- ful passages which meet a response in our minds and give cnnsolation for sorrow in the hope of a future life, an example of the fact that the soulin all ages has drawn aside the veil of mate- rial things and gazed with clear, un- daunted vision cut upon the great unknown Beyond. THE GREAT QUESTION. HILE the great issue of prohi. bition is pending before the people of Tennessee and the adoption of a prohibitory amendment to the constitution of the State is a matter which not only addresses itself to the sympathy and favorable consideration of all men, but appeals as well to them for practical and substantial support and individual advocacy, I wish to place myself with my mite of force w;thin that pale of sentiment and ac- * \ tion which proposes soon to adopt prohibition principles as law and in- graft into the fundamental law of the State an amendment which shall for- ever exclude from the broad limits of Tennessee the sparkling demon, alco- hol. In introducing an argument in sup- port of the heaven approved plan of the Tennessee Prohibitionists, suffice it to say that law is the mightiest edu- cational force in nature. The child begins to study the great law of gravi- tation with its first toddling effort to walk, and with its first fall it begins to realize the changeless penalty. It is just the same in society. Laws of conduct, manner, and character, with their inexorable penalties attached, environ every human being at every step through life. All laws on human statute books should relate to human- itys weal as did the law given on Mt. Sinai; they should never recognize as property to be protected and perpetu- ated in a community anything that breeds disorder, vice, poverty and crime. For the jaw educates. It leads out the minds of men who would maintain an apathetic or dormant atti- tude inregard to mattefs considered by it, and imports to them an activity thatleads to a conviction that what the law sanctions is right-yea neces- sary to the public weal. Law either clears or dims the moral sense. Hence it must hoist aloft the standard of right and by prohibiting that which is wrong it must lend the potency of its force to the establishment of truth and jus- tice, and thunder in the ear of accurs- ed selfishness end greed that would saliate its cupidity and ruthless rapac ity upon the slender substance of the innocent and weak a God-like *Thou shalt not. 4 , THE FISK HERALD. Furthermore, by the inexorable laws of association, the saloon fur- nishes a feature of environment which ~ operates wifh an affection by far more damning in character than any other agency adopted by mans creation. The glowing presence ofa saloon in every community and smaller town and by the travelers way is a standing menace greedily rivaling the home, church, and school, and eventually defying every good influence that pro- poses to do its duty in obeying the old and ever-binding injunction of the Scriptures (personified in the State,) Take this child away and nurse it for - me. The highest aim of the saloon is to debauch each generation of chil- dren. It greedily eyes the school and home, and sets itself to trap the inno- cent. Its temptations are made as al- luring as possible. It takes up its - habitation in the most public resorts and renders itself all the more conspic- uous and enticing by selecting as bar- keeper and host men who put on their blandest manner that they. may induce sober men to tipple and tipplers to drink more. Thus, and thus only, can the saloon business thrive. Nor is this the onlynay, it is not even the worst work of the dram shop. Its most diabolical mission is too indecorous to be rehearsed in ears polite. Hence a mere hint must suf- fice to show that the baser work of the saloon is todecoy away and debase be- neath the level of a brute that which received the most exquisite touch from the hand of God and constituted the crowning work of His creations. Through the machinations of the sa- loon it is proposed by means of its secret auxiliary institutions to perpet- uate vice ina manner and form that will poison the very fountain from which virtue issues to the State, and cast woman, the mother and compan- ion of man and the preceptress of home a wretched and abject wreck upon the bosom of society. It has actually come to pass that while the evil tendencies of society under the influences of the saloon and_pro-whis- ky. laws are marked by flagrant crimes and wrong doing and continue to feed the fires of lust and to encourage the sacrifice of the virtue of woman, and corrupt the home and. make it a school of vice for a generation which is even to become more vicious than the present one,and to fill poorhouses, prisons, asylums to be a heavy bur- - den on tired industry, the minions and dupes of the saloon interests command good men to keep quiet about the de- stroyer, and the destruction that is wrought. Thus while the very life of the Na- tion is threatened and placed in jeop- ardy by the growing tendency of the people to revel in iuxury, and to departmore and more from that austere fortitude and zeal for the ultimate triumph of our republican institutions, with which our fathers were wont to be charactertzed, men, whose consci- ences have been seared by their evil environments and the show of inno- cence with which the liquor traffic has been enabled hitherto to get itself recognized because sanctioned by law, are still claiming the right of a protec- tion for it from that source; and alas, too often its assumed rights are assert- ed by a free use of weapons. How- ever, the extremely rash means of employing physical weapons for at- tracting public attention to the uemand of liquor seems to be the only logical : 2 em 83 octet ca SE At et tine ohm Weetiintewe semen enanecisssuaes THWFleK HERAT Os argument that can be employed in. its. behalf; for the first premise of an ar- gument for prohibition is sufficient to refute the flimsey and only universal plea advanced against it, which is sub- stantially: Whisky was in de worle when I come heah, and its gwine to be heah when Is gone. Finally, let all good men and patri- ots rally on election day and vote for their countrys weal. Let the fate of Egypt, Greece, Rome and ancient republics inspire them with a zeal and activity becoming patriotic men who see the glorious heritage of their fa- thers gradually gliding to that plane which secured the final destruction of all the greatest republics. And as they struggle against Columbias greatest foe, let them not forget to -teach those who play Tories that that baseness which ministers food to the passion has quenched the last ray of light that radiated from the civilization of Ethiopia, Egypt, Greece, Rome and other conntries. Let them teach those whose finer sensibilities have been blunted and destroyed by con- tact with evil influences, that yielding ~ to unbridled passion and unrestrained pursuit after luxury blotted the image of God out of the souls of men in the renowned ancient States. Let the patriot take them to the sepulcher of blasted empires, republics and States of the Old World and show them the the ruins of their great cities, struct- ures and monuments reared by their once happy people now heaped togeth- er for a tombstone over the graves of the illustrious men and women who produced them, and tell them that we of the present generation should not add one seductive charm to h e unzoned sphere of vice, nor ungen- erously throw upon posterity the bur- den we ourselves ought to bear. W. H. LANIER. THE. DUTY OF THe HOUR. [Delivered before the Alumni Association. ] (Continued from last number.) And we cannot overestimate the im. portance of the part we are to play in helping to:make our part of the nation - intelligent, honest, respectful of the rights of others, and at the same time cognizant of their own rights with the moral courage to assert them. No young men ever had grander op- ' potunities for nobler achievements in laying broad and deep foundations for the future of the seven millions who are ready to be elevated and chris- tianized,and these led to the highest enjoyment of freedom and the bless- ings of a christian civilization. To fail in the least particular to make the most of our opportunities now Offered for to benefit the race would be criminal as well as_ suicidal. There are several ways in which we can benefit our race, and the first is teaching them the place for economy in the problem of the elevation of our race, giving as our reason their being two hundred and fifty yerrs behind the typical American in the race of life. We can, wherever we may be settled for our life work, teach those who look to us in matters of living, the im- portance of securing homes for them- selves, no matter how small nor hum- ble these homes may be, feeling that a homeless class are always at a dis- advantage in the battle of life. A home is favorable to the right bringing up of a family and for the aes THE FISK HERALD. growth of virtue and all the Christian graces, or in short a strong Christian character. A home tends to engender in_ its possessor a spirit of self-esteem and self assertion, and one great source of en. ' couragement and inspiration to us in our work, as to the future of the race, is their ardent desire to secure homes for themselves and thus become their own masters. Securing of homes naturally 'eads on to the education of their inmates, and anincreased ability to educate and foot the bill. In order,my dear breth ren,to accomplish the most possible for our raceand humanity at large (and let us not forget that al! men have claims upon us) let us remember that consecration a thorough, unre- served and uncompromising consecra- tion to the cause of the mental and moral uplifting of our people, North, South, East and West, will suggest to our symspathetic heart,as we labor for them, a thousand things which can not be covered by any one address no matter how thoughtfully gotten up, and presented to our fellows, Love which always leads on to con- secration will open our eyes to ways hardly dreamed of as we touch a sin- burdened humanity, for benefitting and | lifting to a higher plane of Christian living and action, the race with which Providence has placed us. And if we are only consecrated to God and his cause, which he points out so clearly before us, our love for the race will soon give usa place in their hearts and confidence which will enable us by the grace of God to.> ldve the great mass of our people sufficiently educa- ted and rooted into the soil of the land . | of their birth and adoption as to place them along side the most favored chil- dren of our common Republic in all the privileges of American citizenship. Then right here under these south- ern skies in the land of our former enslavement and degradation, in the. strength of our manhood we. shall rise toeminence and honor, bearing all the burdens and responsibilities of American citizenship with their cor- responding privileges and immunities with that grace that becomes one who belongs to one of the most powerful governments ever known to human history, But as we endeavor to rise we see sure signs of progress all along the line, while the walls of caste prej- _ udice are slowly crumbling before a ccnstantly increasing enlightened pub- * lic opinion as the two races adjust themselves to the new condition of things, and our brethren in white learn more and more clearly to dis- criminate between civil and local equality. No race, no matter how intellectual and cultured, no matter how seemingly comfortable their homes, can ever be truly great and prosperous, whose strength is not in the Lord God of heaven and earth, Blessed is the na tion whose God 1s the Lord. (Zo be Continued.) THE FISK JUBILEE SINGERS. | { HE following extract taken from the Mew Zealander, an itlustrat- ed paper pablished in New Zealand, one of the isles of the sea, shows clear- ly that the celebrity of the Jubilee Singers still exists : This celebrated band of singers made Sates a a a ( their debut in Dunedin on Monday, May 2. The weathet has been sorely against them, but in spite of this they have drawn audiences which we vent- ture to think few other companies could have done. Of course the news of their wonderful success in other places had preceded them, and pre- pared our citizens to look for something beyond ordinary travelling musicians, but we fancy that the impression made upon those who never before heard . them was unique. It has been so in many instances we know, the writer amongst the number. It is not merely the excellence of the whole perform- ance from a musical point of view the purity of tone, the admirable enunciation of the words (so rare an accomplishment), the marvellous changes from the loudest clarion to the softest breathingsit is not this merely that strikes the observant lis- tener, but it is the fact that the simple, quaint, often grotesque songs of the poor slave, in days now happily long past, are plainly enough the ones which draw forth from the singers themselves all their heart sympathies, and they sing them almost as if they were slaves still, We say almost; if they were actually slaves they could not sing them as they do, Such songs as No body knows the trouble I see, Lord, Ym troubled in mind, Keep me from, sinking down,so full of unutter- able sadness; or such as *Turn back -Pharaohs army. or Didnt my Lord deliver Daniel, would be sung with eyes filled with tears or with the exul- tation of strong faitha faith all the stronger for trialin the anticipated deliverance. * oe *k chats ea Much of the matter for this issue has been left out for lack of space. THE FISK HERALD. oe COMMUNICATIONS. EO ey MILLS. OLLY MILLS! a beautiful ro mantic, charming little country village nestled among the Blue Ridge Mountains: 3. : One morning last week I rode out to this little village which is just five - miles from Staunton, Va. The ob- ject of my ride was a long promised visit to my uncle, Mr. Greene Skanks ; and, after I had received a hearty welcome from his plump,comely wife, I took a seat on the porch to view my surroundings. The house is an old fashioned Vir- ginia farm house with numerous apart- ments and windows that look out upon the beautiful, wide stretched panora- ma. In front of the house is a cun- ning little flower yard where old time flowers, holly hocks, lark spur, hearts ease and forget-me-nots hold sway ; a hop vine loaded with its fruit, so ne- cessary to a house wife, entirely cov- ered the long white porch making a cool and shaded retreat, Just beyond the flower garden is a little brook that murmurs a continu- ous medley, dancing over the pebbles and through the long grass after its own music. Almost surrounded by weeping willows and maples stands the old stone wall from which the vil- lage takes its name. The people are hardworking, mon- ey saving farmers, who take great ' pride in showing one their homes, wheat and corn fields. Not being in- terestedin the craps J wandered around in the orchard and barn yard where the tall roosters and speckled hens held dominion. (Continued on 10th page.) eS - : THE FISK HERALD. THE FISK HERALD, literary Societies of Fisk te. Tue Union Lirerary Society, Tue Bera Kappa Beta Society, Tue Youne Lapigs Lyceum, _ ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONS. H. H. PROCTOR, Liditor and Business Manager. SUBSCRUWTION, ONE Do:.UAR A Vie IN ADVANCE, SINGLE Copy, TEN Cents. Sample copy free on application. ne not receiving the paper at the regular time should write to the Business Manager, again giving full address. On business matters, address the Business. Man- ager of THE Fisk Herat. On literary matters, | address the Editor of THE Fisk HERALD. Entered at the Dastoice at Nashville, Tenn., as second-class matter. \ AUGUST, 1887. EDITORIAL. To insure publication, articles must be in by the 15th. e+ \ ITH deep regret we chronicle the death of President Morang of Roger Williams University, our es- teemed sister institution. He was a courteous and dignified gentleman, ripe scholar and wise counsellor. Not only has that institution which has recently been so ably guided by his hand lost a devoted friend, but the cause of Negro education has lost a staunch advocate. 664 HE conviction of Jacob Sharp, a wealthy capitalist, to penitentiary charged with bribery, scores another triumph for justice in the City of New York. The courts, sustained by the oe are beginning more and more to judge 4 criminal on the merits of his case, and not according to wealth or station. Ah Justice, thou art blind ! If justice is continued to be meted thus there will be fewer wealthy emigrants to Canada, fewer bribe-givers, ballot- box manipulatorsthe latter class one of the worst elements of our country, as it threatens the foundation of democratic government. N accordance with time honored cus- tom the editor arises to make his bow as he lays down his sceptre. Fisk Herald. Before reading the above we had a'ways supposed that the pen was the editors in- strument ; he has been called the quill: driver, te man of paste and shears, but we have never heard him spoken of in this regal style. Does the editor of the Herald wear a crown and royal ermine ? fligh School World, How about this, Mr. ex-editor? If such are the royal credentials of this office the same have not been trans- mitted to the present incumbent, and hence he has not been properly install- ed. We have considered ourself as one of the plebs so far, but if things be thus we are not content and would gladly go astep higher. Answer by return mail the EDITOR. HE order issued by the president toreturn to the various states the flags captured in the late rebellion met with such unfavorable comment by the press throughout the North that it was, happily, revoked.. Among the most conspicuous of the denuncia. tors of the measure was Gen. Fairchild, Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic. Such an act would have been without a precedent in history. THE FISK HERALD. . 8. Let the reminiscences of strife remain in the attic of the capitol of the Nation. Better that they be burried under a -Vesuvian eruption never to be disen- tomed than that they be returned to aid in fostering prejudice and widen- ing the lessening chasm between the _ two sections. OR the first time, there has been le a greater demand for schools than for teachers. The different counties have come nearer furnishing their own teachers than ever before, and_ this will continue as the years go by. As a rule home teachers (we mean by home teachers those who have not been away to secure normal training) are not so competent as those who go out from the different colleges, andas the time is coming, yea almost at hand, when teachers willbe employed on their merit, the college teacher has the advantage. and enlighten the communities in which they move by their virtue, hon- esty, earnestness and proficiency that the best teachers will always be in de- mand. . Asthe profession of teaching, the work in which the most of the educat- ed colored youth of the country is engaged, is being overrun other ave- nues of business must be opened to them, and if they are not opened they must open them. Let the coun- try be admonished by Mr. Cabies words and give them a chance _ Just before going to press we learn of the report of the death of the Afri- can explorer, Henry M. Stanley, of whom more will be said next issue. enemy will be surrounded. So let them so impress | Z ROHIBITION is the greatest is- sue that has been before the American people since the manumis- sion of the seven million; this is a question that concerns not merely seven but fifty million people, and hence its momentousness. The rela- tions of the people of this country are so entwined that that which affects the prosperity of one race affects the other. If the two Ts, Texas and Tennessee,. are won, the phalanx of the enemy will be broken and the enemys strong- hold can be more easily taken. What a grand quintette: Maine, lowa, Kansas, Texas and Tennessee! The and Texas will make the attack from diagonally opposite directions, while Tennessee strikes the center, Kansas the left and Iowa the northern flank. Let us as students of Fisk rally to the bugle notes of freedoms call. and do as much for Tennessee and Texas as the students of Atlanta University did for Atlanta, and help rid our land of the hydra-headed monster. HE action taken by the authori- ties of Asbury Park, a summer watering resort on the coast of New. Maine Jersey, under the auspices of the Meth- | odist church, excluding colored peo- ple from its priveleges, is a matter of regret to all lovers of civil liberty, of approval to the narrow-minded advo- cates of race discrimination, of surprise to the country generally, and has ex- cited no little comment. The excuse for an objection was that even the ser- vants would pre-empt the best seats, stare at the passers-by etc, and if they had have been white servants the same action would have been taken. _ If white servants had acted improperly 10 a THE FISK HERALD, would they ewe debarred the whole white race? This argument doesnt hold ; all the black race are not ser- vants! Their inconsistency is clearer than light. If discriminations must be made let the line of demarkation be drawn upon other conditions than the- colore-of a> man, - Is the North .retrograding? We _ hope not, we think not, but do we dare say | that New Jersey is not, judging from existing circumstances ? The South with gratification says, We told youso. But the South need not point the finger of derision, for she must get the beam out of her own eye. Itwill be a late day when a black man will be able to enter asouth- ern park as any other man, to ride on first class cars unmolested, and when | he shall cease to be defrauded, outrag- _ed, mobbed and lynched. Such an occurences attract more attention in the North than in the South, because they are: less**common at the north. A dark streak is much more conspicuous on snow than on brown earth. you to flee from the displeasure of - the Almighty which is sure to come upon you. How long will Japheth maltreat his unresentful brother ! When acolored man enters a south- ern church, nine cases out of ten he is invited to the gallery, a back seat or out; but when a white man enters a colored church he is escorted to the front and shown all deference. How different the scene! When the Negro shall own railroads, hotels, . thea- tres, watering-resorts and other pub- lic places, white people will be treat- ed by them as though they were black for they will be too generous to dis- criminate, too magnanimous to resent. Christian (?) nation, let us warn COMMUNICATIONS. (Continued from 7th page.) My day so quietly yet so_pleasant- ly spent out in the open country was rapidly drawing to a close, and as the sun silently sank behind the wes- tern hills, I reluctantly said, Good- Dye a : When my poneys head was turned toward home he galloped briskly for two hours and then I was at home tired and sleepy. ELiza HAYNEs, Staunton, Va. Howell, Tenn. Editor HERALD: I had the: pleas- ure of teaching my first school in this county in 83, at Boonshill with an enrollment of 90 pupils, and taught there four years with much_ success. During my stay there I enrolled 125 pupils. There is no time for a teach- er to rest at Boonshill if he expect to leave any signs of his work. There are many bright minded little fellows in that community ; but their chances for an education are cut off by large crops of cotton, peas and sorghum cane, which will always be a hindrance to the People of that neigh- borhood. I was compelled to leave that school because the people wanted me to teach in winter, about the time I should be in Fisk. The people desired very much for me to teach in that commu- nity, but seeing the schoo! to be too short to justify me I accepted the St. John school, where I am now very pleasantly situated, near Howell. I have a large number of pupils and prospects for more. They seem anx- ious to learn, and I think a great deal THE FISK HERALD. | oe of good can be donie here this summer by hard work. I-think I was never in a more healthful country. We have good water and plenty of fresh air from the surrounding hills. East of my school-house is a very high hill from the top of which can be had a beautiful view of our country for many miles up and down Cane creek. I speak a word for prohibitton eve- ry chance I have, but the contest is hard in thisconnty. We will fight on _ trusting God that we may win the day. Yours poe. AV BLAKE. AN EXPERIENCE IN TEXAS. Palestine, Texas, July, 87. Editor HERALD: I cannot express the joy it gives me to communicate once more with my friends through our college organ. As most of you know I was interrupted i in the pursuit of my course last December by a sud- den call from school. which not only interfered with my progress in studies but at the same time seemed to darken my whole future and to blight my long cherished hope of graduating from Fisk University. How strong was my desire to be a Fisk graduate ! And how hard I toiled, and low steadily I kept all my powers of body and mind directed to this one end until I began to feel (as I looked back over the long and tedious journey already passed over, then forward to the short and smooth journey that the president told us of, entering col- lege last commencemet) that I was almost sure of the goal; when lo, the sudden cal] of stern duty said not so. ~Nobody has ever know how great was the struggle that ensued for a short while in my heart; but soon the battle was fought and the victory won. In consequence of which I on the ath of January took my leave of dear Fisk and all its many pleasant associa- tions. My mind was immediately turned to Texas, when I saw that go I must, because, I suppose, I had previously decided to go to Texas after finishing my course. Yet, I never dreamed that my lot would be cast there so soon. Nevertheless, as I have said, on the 4th of January, I set my face toward the great and far off south- west. When I was gone sufficiently far to be sure I was off, I fell into a deep meditation and tried-to look into the future but it was all darkness. Not a ray,.of light could. 1 see. 1 turned my mind to review the past; but as the sunlight upon a dark cloud makes it darker, so the reflection of my passed happy life only made my fu- ture the more dark, Then my mind, burdened with such reflection, began to seek relief, Never was sweet poe- try more soothing and applicable than the following words (given me by a faithful teacher) were to me: I know not the way thats before me, The joys or griefs it may bring; What clouds are oerhanging the future, What flowers by the way side may spring, But this One who will journey beside me, Nor in weal nor in woe forsake ; And this is my solace and comfort, He knoweth the way that I take. Then I said: Why am I troubled about the future ?? And I threw my- self back upon my seat, and while the train was speeding along, I knew not where, I there committed myself, my future, and my all to Him who even A ; THE FISK HERALD. | feedeth the little sparrows and heareth the ravens when they cry. Very soon I was asleep, for it was night. I went by home(?) and saw my par- ents. After staying with them three days I left for Texas. A sixty hours ride brought me to Palestine. I spent the first day inquiring in the city. for a vacant school, with no effect; the next day I walked about five miles in- to the country and succeded in getting _ in an extreme part of the county the only vacancy. On the first grade. .Afterwhich I returned to my field of labor and opened school on the following Monday. My _ school, located in a thinly populated commu- nity, was small the entire term. I at once organized a Sunday school in which I soon awakened a lively inter- est, both youug and old attending. The interest is still kept up since I left by my father, and I hear encour- aging reporis from them. This school is in a Baptist commu- nity but I have not had any trouble on that account. Baptists and Methodists and am, from all appearances, appreciated by both. My work is not confined to the public school, but in whatever way Ican do . good. While teaching my former school I purchased a beautiful and convenient- ly situated homestead of 160 acres, 75 of which are open to cultivation. I brought my parents here in May, who are now contented and happy. I am now teaching a summer school which is about t welve miles from my former school. Since I have been here I have addressed S. Ss and preached in va- rious places. fluence for prohibition. following Saturday I was examined receiving a I preach for both if not stay. I am now using my in-. The struggle here is very great between Rum and. Righteousness. oe I am glad to be able to say that thus far my work out here has been a suc- cess, and that I am pretty thoroughly ; known all over the county. And now, my dear friends and teachers, I ask your prayers, that Imay continue to - be successful in my efforts for God, Truth and Native Land. When, after I had gotten to Texas, . I found that I must give up my course I tried to find a reason why the Lord should demand such of me. But now I think I can truly say with much comfort that *Gods plans go on as best for you and me. Ino longer seek for a reason, but am perfectly resigned, and can say with joy: my masters will is mine. I am now settling down in life. My school days are passed and I am standing. face to face with lifes stern duties. Dear classmates, 1 bid you God- speed. Do not let my step influence ~ any of you to give up your course. | There was no alternative for me. Duty forced me. This being the case I believe God is going to help me to make the most of it. If God calls you out as he called me I say go, but Dear classmates, farewell! I am now on the field where you too : will soon be. You, no doubt will shine brighter in the literary world, but when wecome to the summing up | of lifes results and we as a class take our stand before the Master to show Him how with our one, two and five talents we have gained'two, four and ten, I hope then to compare fa- vorably with you. I think I have a good future before me out here, 1 passed ap .xamina- tion last week for a vacancy in the THE FISK HERALD. City Public School of Palestine, which was fully satisfactory, and I now stand in high hope of getting a permanent position in the above mentioned city. _ My health has been very good since I have been in the State. * Yours fraternally, J. D.- PETTIGREW. OBITUARY. President Morang passes quietly away on the field of labor, ILLIAM EMORY MORANG was born at Eastport, Me., 1850, died at Roger Williams Univer- sity, Nashville, June 30, 1887. He served an apprenticeship in the of- fice of the Sentinel, a weekly publish- ed at Eastport, and was foreman of the office for a number of years. His work here led him to feel the need of a more liberal education, and after some deliberation resigned his position, took the preparatory course at Coburn Institute, Me., followed with a full course at Colby Univ.,and graduated in79. After graduation, his scholastic connections were in Mass., where he became _ successful and wellknown as a Superintendent and promoter of educational interests. September 85, by the executive Board of the A. B. H. M. Society, he was appointed Principal of the Nor. Dept. of R.4W, Univ.; he also occu- pied the chair of Latin. March 87, he was called to the Presidency of the University. Prof. Morangs value as a - teacher cannot be over estimated ; with intellectuality there was citi. and with culture consecration. His work before his classes was instructive _ and suggestive, giving the result of his own thought, and inspiring oa thought in his pupils. He was stu. dious and laborious, impressive and _ convincing. He wasa strict disciplinarian ; thor- oughly methodical himself, he was satisfied with nothing less than thor- oughness, exactness, method in oth- ers. His health was feeble during his entire connection with this school : - gradual decline has been more ee ent the last year. For one in the prime of life of his high ambition and Strong willit was very hard to lay down a work in which he had been so interested at an hour when he had reached a position of. such responsibili- ty and influence. But as it became evident his life work was done, he was enabled to commit all to his Father. _ Prof. Morang was a cultured Christian gentleman: his influence ceases not with his earthly life. The fragrance of his memory will be an incentive to higher and nobler purposes i in life. Mrs. A. M. Hatey, R. W. Univ., July 12,87, es PERSONAL. W. Hz Stokes is teaching in Tipton co. Peer Rerpert is teaching i in Ches- ter co. D. W Sherrod i is teaching at Platts- burgh, Miss, L. J. Watkins left the 25th ult. for Lincoln co. J. D. Millers address is 145, ane _St., Chicago. oe Calloway ex-editor of the Her- ald will teach near Patton, Tenn. W. L. Blake writes from Howell, Tenn., where he is teaching. 14 : ~ THE FISK HERALD. H. E. King has taken a five months school near Jackson, Tenn. Miss Wells still remains. She is stopping at Prof. Wrights. Miss Laura Coleman is teaching in ~ Chester co., near, Henderson. C. O. Hunter after arriving at his destination writes : veni, vidi, vici. Misses Maggie and Louise Harris teach this summer for the first time. Miss Kizzie Jones has gone to Har- deman county to teach, near Bolivar. W. B. Vassar willspend the summer at Eidorado Springs as tonsorial artist. f. J, Jefferson occupied the pulpit _of the Jackson St. church the 3rd ult. Miss Annie Cowan willassist Miss Murray in her school at Pontotoc, Miss. Rev, S. N. Brown is having much success in his pastoral work at Cleve- land, O. W. Hi, Laniery while teaching is studying to make the Freshman class next year. Henry Bennett writes from his summer resort in the mountains of East Tenn. te W. Barney, 134, is 5 teaching a a summer school at Taylor Chapel, Haywood co. Miss Blythe, Messrs. Lacour and Smith were appointed to positions in the city schools. D G. Watson, pointed to a vacancy in the city schools of Atchison, Kas. Miss Bridgman, one of our former teachers, stopped at the University on her way North. | - J. Q. Johnson is teaching at Rock: vale, where, writes he, he has launch- ed the ship of prohibition. E. D. Howard has given up his : tion of teaching and as usual will inten 87, has been ap- remain to keep things straight. L. J. Brown writes pleasantly of his vacation at Dayton, and plans to be in the first day of school. T. B. Harris is teaching and can- vassing for a book and the HERALD at his home, Bolivar, Tenn. R. C. Edmonson has been re-cata-_ -loguing the Library, which is to be increased by several volumes, Jos. Anderson, 80, is spending the summer with his parents near the University. He isin robust health. Mrs. Barbour, matron of Alcorn, is visiting friends in the city. We were honored with her presence the 13th ult. J. D. Pettigrew writes an interest- ing communication from Palestine, Texas, where he is doing good work. Miss Haynes, as we learn from her own pen in another column, is indulg- ing in the society of the Folly- Mills, Pres. Burrus of Alcorn University passed through the city last month en route to the Educational Association at Chicago. J. A. Simmons is doing effective service for the Amendment. He is known where he speaks as the orator from Fisk. , Miss Mary McClelland came down from Wartrace and spent a few days pleasantly with friends about the University. B. T. Perkins isat his home in St. Joseph, Mo., where he will teach next year, having been appointed to a pusi- tion in the High School. Misses Fanning, Snow and Jeffries and J. N. Calloway left for Bolivar the 25th ult., where they will teach the young idea how to shoot. Jessie Firse has been elected to the city school of Clarksville. Thismoves THE FISK KERALD. the last hope of his making his class, the present Freshman. A. Coffin, 85 andS. A. Coffin, 86, are tzaching summer schools at Emory, Texas, but will resume their old pla- ces in September. F. L. Fortson is president of a liter-_ ary society formed among the young men employed at the Hotel Lafayette, Minnetonka Beach, Minn. -F.G. Smith and Eugene Harris, (You Gene), 87, are making ring- ing speeches in various parts of the State in behalf of prohibition. W. A. Crosthwaite, becoming too in- timate with a reaper and being deceiv- ed thereby, received a flesh wound on the forefinger; not serious however. Miss Benson left the 2nd ult. in | answer toa callfora teacher at Up- tonville, Madisonco. She writes that she has a school of 40 andis anticipat- ing 80. Wm. Jenkins is teaching a few miles from the line of the Indian Territory. He says bears, deer and panthers are not unfrequent visitors in his neigh- borhood. Jno. Barber, a former student of Fisk and a graduate of Alcorn Uni- versity, is in the city. He speaks fav- _orably of returning and completeing his college course here. pes. Sublett, 83, a teacher in Al- corn University, called in to see us last month. He kindly remembered us with his subscrption. After remaining in'the city afew days he left for Boston. | J. A. Lester, ex-business manager, writes an interesting letter from Hay- wood co.,where he is making speeches for the arnendment. He is confident ha Haywood will give a good round Haaeey for the amendment. cy is A senior writes : DuBois; rural pedagogue, Alexandria,Tenn. School looming, prohibition booming. Please send my chum home. Studying Ger- man! Humph!! Lschys grammar, revised edition, 12 mo. (Pp. mM.) L B. Moore having made a trip to White Sulphur Springs, Va., stoppedin a day on his way back to Florence, his home, where he will fill the pulpit of the congregational church, made ya- cant by the recent death of its pastor. G. M. McClellan, our former col- laborator, has charge of the church at Goodlettsville. He has almost en- tirely regained his health, being more corpulent than for many years, Will go to his permanent charge at Louisville soon. i ae te ee [From Western Bureau of information, Chicago. ] Mrs. J. D, Miller is materially aid- ing the parson. Le Miss M. A. Myers, 87, is winning laurels a pleasing vocalist. J. E. Ford is endeavoring to get things in readiness for return in the fall. Ae _ F.C. Leland is one of our number who enjoys the hospitality. of the Tre- mont. : ae L,W. Cummins, 85, is studying law in the office of Meech, Asay and Rice. ; Dr, A. A. Wesley, 84, is a contest- ant In a prize essay on a topic. . J. N. Avendorf avails himself of his spare moments by applying them to his books. J. D. Miller is active in his work for the /betterment of sleeping car porters. Miss Georgiana Ford is gaining in \ religious ee tae FISK HERALD. health and begins again to appear as of old: 2, P. L. Lacour, 85, recently reported at our bureau with news fresh from ~ Nashville. Miss Blanche Henderson is indus- triously pursuing the even tenor of a _ busy life. Miss M. E. Bennett has not reported at the bureau, but her arriv- al has been heralded. W. T. Smith, tiring of St. Louis, has cast his lot with us and is stopping at the Tremont House. : R. H. Edmondson has been serving on the jury for some time, but is now contemplating going into business. A. B. Dickerson when last heard from was narrating his broken into felicity on his way to St. Paul, Minn. Mrs. Trenton Harsh, Nor. 78, has taken kindly to the lake breezes aud is growing corqulent under their genial influence. 3 W. R. Morris, 84, is passing a pleasant vacation with his relatives, and gaining strength for the coming years work. Miss Carrie Beckwith made a hap- py response at our boys enter- tainment to the address of welcome | delivered by Mr. Ford. Mrs. L. W. Cummins, Nor. 86, may be found on the Lords day in the Inman Cong. church teaching the rising generation to look heavenward. Miss Jennie Hanmer has decided to cast her Jot with the Lake Michigan breeze inhalers until September. The tit . DM ISK HeE Arp. enlist the AEA obedience and love of men. From the DE mpi not a breath of spirituality is felt. But. lived the Greek in vain? Placed he _ no link in the chain of human achieve- ment? In the beauty caught from nature and enshrined in paintings, ar- chitecture and sculpture the light of divine Guidance is every where mani- fest. This, this is the Greeks trib- ute to the worlds new life. The Roman religion was of the earth, earthy. It was mysterious, soul-stirring, awful ! love. Yet the proud Roman imbibed. from the bosom of his faith principles | of justice, faith and filial piety that developed into a splendid code of civil . laws. Let;not Christianity blush be- cause the elements of equity and jus- tice, that bless our : institutions, were born of a Pagan mother ; for their father is our God. Deep was the calm that Glance the consummation of these three phases of divine Truth. ,In the Holy City the Jew, puffed up with the hope of temporal ascendency under the Messi- - ah, the Greek crowned witha diadem of literary and artistic glory, the Roman with his rod of iron and tables of civic laws, met, each craving new light but loath to depart from beaten paths, Like night skepticism fell upon the hearts of men, and the nations groped about in quest of the un known God. But when divine Pruth seemed destined to be engulfed in a sea of confusion and despair, the hum- ble Nazarene stepped upon the scene and said ; Peace be still. He, the, Word incarnate; the central truth of history and rev ealed religion, came to build a character that could say, fol- -disowning him, | but never imbu- ing the soul with self-abnegation: and | foud a place. were prostituted to the ends of ambi- low me, to republish His love and to reconcile the truths garnered by all nations. es With what marvellous precision are the counsels of the wicked brought to naught! When the three mightiest peoples of the earth united to ridicule the claims of Christ,in Hebrew, Greek and Latin, they confirmed the title which he claimed in the very act of It is finished was heavens benediction to universal man and Christs summons to the great doctors Moses, Zorater, Confucius, Socrates, and Plato to a common mercy seat. The world was slow to see that. all that was vital in Judaism and Polithe- ism had been absorbed into Christian- ity, and men took refuge in the haunts of Grosticism and infidelity. But from the wrecks and debris of all manner. of philosophy and ethnic religions the church rose like a bow of promise in that spiritual darkness. Through the long night that followed it was the custodian of knowledge and preserver of civilization. But it was corrupted by talse doctrines and the machinations of men. The sacred fires of ancient Rome burned on _ its altar, asceticism entered its ritual and at its head a human dispenser of mercy Its power and influence tion ; absolution and indulgences pois- | ened society; high sounding dogmas and glittering pageantry deluded the masses, while the priesthood reveled in ill gotten luxury. But the mind in its progress recog- nizes no sovereign save truth, and in its revolt from the dead theology of | the Roman church it brought forth the Reformed, purged of the most of ami aca arcs THEFISK HERALD: 3 its fatal elements, with the blessings of greater liberty and quickened thought. Nevertheless, through the ages men have ever been suspicious of whatever -in their narrow ' views, conflicted with scripture narra- _ tives. Again and again have the | fountains of pure knowledge and broader happiness been stagnated by the ravings of fanaticism. Fierce was the conflict between the Hebrew Spirit championed by the Puritans and the Greek Spirit espoused by their opponents, Stern spirituality denounced science as_ un- scriptural and aestheticism as incom- patible with holy living. This centu- ry, however, was ushered in under the auspices of more liberal views. Its characteristic feature is the assimila- tion of divine law, the arts and sciences and the human law. In fraternal em- brace they meet, that men may. be edified and God glorified. Thus have the anuals of the race been strewn with outgrown creeds and dogmas, Now men rejoice in the Truth that hushed forever the duplicity of the Delphi ; that taught comets and new worlds to sing ne more of woe and fate, but in their silent grandeur to chant of Wisdom and Love divine, that makes all mens good each mans rule, and invests the groveling worms with rights as sacred as the. cross that stimulates inventive genius and impregnates the lives and thoughts of men with justice and holiness. Let them gloryzZin the ever expanding Truth that extends hope of regenera- tion to the benighted heathen notwith- standing the narrow views of the masses. For this Truth is indeed the tree of life whose manifold fruit is for the healing of: the Nations, the New Jerusalem coming down from God out of heaven, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband. W. A. CrostHwalIrTE, THE DUTY OF THE HOUR. [Delivered before the Alumni Association.] \ (Continued from last number.) While it affords me no little .pleas- i. ure to meet the Alumni of Fisk Uni- versity to see once more the faces of some of my former instructors, who are still on duty, waiting to be relieved at the Masters call to survey. these familiar scenes observing here and_ _ there marked changes, no one regrets more than I, that my message to you as those upon whose shoulders the burden of responsibility falls so heavi- ly, is not stronger and more calcula- ted to stir up within you a deeper sense of the true ideal manhood. I am reminded on my return here that my old friend and only classmate Henry Stanley Merry, in the very bloom of youth and at the height of his usefulness, is no more, and that his life work is done. How true the pores of the poet: : Time like an ever rolling stream Bears all her sons away ; They lie forgotten as a dream Dies at the opening day. Ernest H. Anderson is also sleep- ing that long sleep that shall know no sagt till the brent: resurrection morn. Lulu F. Parker, so. ell and pleas- antly known to the older graduates of Fisk, in the realms. of glory is chant-. foith the new song to the Lamb that was slain. These solemn ite speak oan. ly to us a admonish us that whatev- 4 9 "THE RISKSHERALD. er we intend doing for our Master and humanity must be done quickly, for _ onlyafew more years shall have rolled - away when it shall be said of us indi- vidually, His. or her. life-work is done. : I think we might catch inspiration from our former iustructors for the work which lies before us, who. still remain on duty year after year with : nothing comparatively to sustain them but the love of God and love for man. As I was on my way to Africain 78 I remember having my attention call- ed, while I looked at the Isle Tenfr-. : iffe rising abruptly out of the sea -as. if by force of a volcano, to the fact that here Gen: Nelson sustained his only defeat in. war. On _ returning to England in 80 on my way to West- minster Abbey I saw a great monu- ...... ment to this famous English general - and drawing nearer I beheld at its base the words that illustrious and immortal hero is said to have uttered before he. : led his soldiers into battle at Tralfal- gar feeling that a gr eat dealthe hon- or of his countrydepended upon the action of that day.: England ex- pects every man this day will. do: his duty. This was enough. Victory was soon theirs. duty and honor helps amazingly in _ the great battle: of life. ~can only have the feeling wherever we may be that God and our Alma Mater expect every one of i us will do his or her duty, the future of this University as well as the future of our race inthis . - country and on the African continent o is secure. May we remember i in our arduous task that there is a powerful ray of the Almighty in truly great minds,and that this ray burns with equal splendor end in ignomy. A high sense ol And if, we . in prosperity and in adversity while these minds teach men in words and act that Virtue is the highest proof of understanding and is the only solid basis of true greatness, while Vice is the natural consequence of narrow thoughts which begin in. mistake and Finally let us be strong in the cause of truth, the right, and virtue and acquit ourselves like | men in the faithful discharge of every _ duty for the elevation of the race: _ Rev. A, P: Se Dies. THE oe ARIFF. EGINNING with the remotest period of civilization, coming on- ward through past ages examining ~ the histories of nations and records ot men, the writing left by them, is a clear proof that this the nineteenth - century, though by far the most ad- vanced in culture,the arts .and sci-. -S1ICe} other nations in that it has its many- sided questions to.be answered, its nevertheless. differs not from difficult problems awating solution, Among the most difficult, those con- taining unknown quantities, are the following: that of France,in devising that diplomatic plan by which to re- gain Alsace and Lorraine; that. of: Germany, in suppressing: her: rapidly. - ising power ; . ciding whether Ireland that of England, in de- shall *Home Rule ; last. but _not least, that which has been a conundrum to the most subtle of American genius the: tariff, - In this the unknown terms are three: Shall we have mae Suan low tariff or no tariff ? In speaking of the tariff understand me; I do not speak of it as a revenue. Any sound mind by the least consider- have S THE FISK HERALD. / 5 ation can conceive with how much propriety speciai articles may be taxed for the sak of arevenue. Tariff as a protection is the subject about which I wish to speak. This question has been weighing the minds of the Amer- icans ever since the colonial period of our country. When the British, actu-_ ated by the deepest jealousy of a thriving people, saw the young Amer- icans tilling their soil, producing those articles by which they sustained a hap- py life, manufacturing such things as were absolutely necessary, interchang- ing them for their common good, it was then their parliament as a raven- ing wolf among innocent lambs step- ped in. Such measures were enacted as prohibited the interchange of arti- cles produced by the colonists, as denied them the right of selling their goods i in any other market than Great Britain. No one will deny that it is a natural inclination of men to buy in the - cheapest and sell in the highest. mar- ket If English markets had offered us as much as we could get elsewhere would we not have gone to her of our own accord? Then if she was unwill- ing or unable to pay as much, were we notewrongly treated when she com- pelled us to transport our goods in her vessels and to her markets ? We are taught that legal protection may be- imposed from one of four general - principles : first, to raise a revenue ; second,'to encourage the production of commodities at home; third, to support existing forms of Tae ieee folirth, to secure sells indepen- dence: God in his infinite wisdom has so . reated man that he possesses that pe- uliar instinct by which he most clearly - perceives his pePsonal wants. What man better knows your wants than _you? And what incentive as a: pro- pelling force is more powerful. in: urg- _ ing you, having recognized.,.your wants, to gratifying them ?. In the second legal right we see the grouna ~ for the great collision of protection and free trade. . The law, assumiug the right of men to decide concerning - their. personal wants, prohibits. the importation of foreign articles into our ports without taxation. Admit: ting this fact, let us. notice the results. An economist has made the following ~ estimatton. In 1868 there was im- ported sugar to the amount of $23 000 ooo, and there was grown within .the country $25 000 ooo, total. $48, 000 ooo. On the. imported a :duty: was paid of 24 per cent., $5 520. 000. The home product was raised 20 per cent. of course in price. By a little. calculation it is found that the people had to pay in addition to. the original price $4 838 709 for the home product. Had this article, so abundantly pro- duced in our country, been admitted free of duty, would not the people have saved all this money for their individual use? -I. do not need to explain to you that every foreign ar- ticle upon which a tax is levied i isa pretext for merchants: to raise their prices on the home produced article. This is called protection. They think this protects our young manufacturers Nothing would be more powerfulin bringing about the production of the best articles by, our manufacturers than to allow the same articles we produce to enter oar ports free of duty. Instead of protecting our manufactur- ers in producing worthless articles, why not allow foreigners to send into , se THE FISK HERALD. our country free of d&ty their best articles if we produce the same, and thus compel our manufacturers to produce such articles as will compare with them? How long will the eyes of the people be closed to this wrong? How long will our brave manufactures remain in their youth? Can you not see the evils in this: protective theory ? Are we not thus compelled with our hard earned dollars to make rich a certain class of our people? Andis not this same class,the manufacturers, tooth and toe nail for a high tariff ? We have within our country already as a result of protection a growing aristocracy. And this plainly says _ away with your free institutions, adieu _to happy hearts and cheerful homes ; in short it says enter, disorder and confusion. Then if we are truly American citizens, if within us there is yeta conscience of right and wrong, | let us prove our worthiness of Ameri- can citizenship by laying the ax to the root of this evil. - OrHo D. Porter. ORIENT AND OCCIDE NT. ITJNIS said, in sunny eastern lands afar, Where night usurps the Jsigs of gold- en day, And oer the hilltop glows the evening star, The silvery noted bul-bul tunes his lay, And dark-eyed beauties listen with delight While sings the minstrels of the orient nights But in our changeful occidental clime, When the hot Augst day has-closed its eye, The gentle maiden would not give a dime To hear the bul-buls tender melody. The ice cream peddlers shed rather hear, That music ravishes the maidens ear, [ Boston Courter. Educated thought nters the field of combat in defense of imperilled civ- ilization. Jssue, THE SECRET OF OUR COUN. TRYS GREATNESS. S WE stand upon the threshold o1 the twentieth century and look back overmore than three anda half, we find that no pages of profane his- tory are dotted with more fruitful events, than the history of the United States. Though hardly traceable in its secret windings amidst the scenes of Indian wars, yet like an irresistible river with many continuous and inex- haustible branches, our countrys life has made its way through three wars for her independence, and has cement- ed her union by the bloodiest civil war recorded. There was from the first in the minds of those who settled this country what might be called a hereditary longing for selfgovernment. This longing having in time developed into actual efforts in resisting anything seemingly tyrannous resulted in the Revoiutionary war, fought by the people and piloted by the genius and skill of the great Triumverate of American freedomW ashington, Franklin. and Jefferson, who threw down amidst the supporters of mon- _archy the gauntlet of this republic _a republic whose pillars were fixed upon those eternal truths which are the foundation of all law, duty and right, political as well as_ religious. By their energy and courage they have presented to the world the first system of constitutional government founded upon political equality and general consent of the people. Americas development has been wonderful. Her prosperity and great- ness can be traced to four causes, the first of which lies in her natural resour- ces. We have an area nearly equal \ 4 THE FISK HERALD. ee to that of Europe, with a mild and salubrious climate, a rich and gener- ous soil, with every variety and at- tractiveness of naturalscenery, not to be surpassed in any couutry; large areas of virgin forest comprising valu- able woods, saying nothing of the magnificent timber of Alaska, which Seward predicted would be the future. 1 ship-yard of the world. Our mining industries surpass those of Europe, Asia, Africa, Mexico and the British colonies collectively, and as yet we have just begun on our 120- oooth sq. mile of vast coal and iron fields which are waiting for labor and capital to unlocktheir dark and silent chambers. | Being recognized and_ protected, which encouraged the masses to in- invent and discover, is the second cause of her greatness. The minds of the people were turned toward inter- nal development, and finding them- selves thrown upon their own resour- ces inventivn and discovery advanced. There were issued from the patent office during 1884,. 20 297 patents. At the Worlds International Electri- cal Exposition in Paris five gold med- als were given for the greatest inven- tions or discoveries and those five came tothe United States. The civilized world has learned to look to the United States as the birth-place of the cotton gin, steam boat, iron plow, passenger train, telegraph and other inventions which have quickened the pulse and pace of the nations of the world. The educator and law-maker are. paid and encouraged. Knowledge and religion have always been the symbols of progress and civilization and were seen to be necessary factors in the preservation of this republic. e The Puritans with this idea of civil government moulded and fashioned | in their character established schools, and churches and from morn till night rose the hum of industry, where - through ucounted ages the birds had built their nests and the foxes unscar- ed reared their young. Harvard college sprang forth which sent intel- ligent sons who have been the founders of other schols. Finally, an. occidental republic of liberty is demanded to meet the needs: of the youth of every country. Such -a republic is America. Following the law of development which governs human Progress which patablihes the truth that. Any book mailed for retail price.~g9q Sunday Schoo. Teachers will soon be able to examine our new and beautiful Sunday School Song Book, the 1ADEM (35 -cts.) by Abbey & Munger, and the newly arsragned and valuable NEw SpiRITUAL SONGS (35 cts.) by Tenney & Hoffman. School Teachers will be pleased to look at our New Rovan SINGER (60 cts.) for Adult Singing Classes and High Schools. Also the Sonc GRreEr- ING (50 cts.) tor High Schools (a greet favo- rite); and the delightful little Primary School Song Book, Gems For Little Singers (20 ets.) Music. Teachers. - son the wing are invited to alite and look -at our superb stock of Instruction Books and Collections of Vocal and Instrumental -mu- sic for teaching purposes, at the stores of OLIVER DITSON & CO., 449 & 451 Washington St. Boston, C.H. DITSON & CO,, 867 Broadway, N. Y : J. E. Ditson & CO., 1228 Chestnut St. Phila. LYON & HEALY, Chicago. Oriental SHAVING PARLOR 168 CEDAR STREET, (Under Immaculate Temple, ) Is the place for students to get a first-class Shave or Hair-cut. A. B. Bradford, Propr. Nash ville. PHOTOGRAPH! kes" FIRST-CLASS WORK=3334 - In allstyles cheaper than elsewhere at Hersteins | Galleries Cor. Union & College Sts.& 25 Public Square. Species rates to Students. C. R. BADOUX HUMAN HAIR GOODS, 29 N, Summer street, MASHVILLE, - - - - - TENNESSEE Bes Tllustrated catalogue sent.on application. Ba 8 PGAINS IN FINE GOLD AND PLAIN GOLD RING. SILVER WATCHES, JEWELRY, ETC. fact, everything fourd ina first-class Jewelry store. Also Manufacturer ick. are made to Order at Short Notice, and highest quality guaranteed. Call e:.de convinced at the CASH JEWELRY STORE, No: ror Union.Street, , between College and Market Streets. B. H. STIEF t STUDENTS! Come and vee US. (ur Stock of Sutts, Hats and Pie g00ds For the Falland Winter Seasons 1&87=8 NOW READY. Our Suit Department Comprises all the Latest Designs im Chiviots, Cassimeres, Diagonal Worsted, and Corkscrew. Mens Stiff Hats at $1.60, 1.75, 2.00. Men's Soft Hats at $1.00, 1.25, 1.80, -_ Full Line of Celluloid Gooas always on hand. Srar CLOTHING House 39 N. Cherry St., near Union. LEVY BROTHERS Proprietors. MAXWEL HOUSE SHOE STORE. TE. WINSTEAD & CO. GREAT BARGAINS IN OLD MEN'S BROAD BOTTOM SHOES, YOUNG MENS NOBBY BOOTS avd SHOES and MISSES SCHOOL SHOES. pS CALL AND SEL THEM. 154 Church Street, Berry Block, Opposite Maxwell House. Telephone 423. SPECIAL Raves To STUDENTS. CARPETS | CARPETS' PRIGES FOR THISMONTH ON 3 36 inchSmyrna Rugs . . . $100 Tappestry Brussels -6oinch Extra Smyrna Rugs . . 2 00 Extra Tapestry Brussels ..... = 72 inch extra, Extra Smyrna Rugs 4 00 Double Extra Brussels . . -. .65 go inch xtra Super Smyrna Rugs 6 oo Body Brussels . . 285 gee PRICES ON CARPETS. 7336 Best Body Brussels (5 oo $1. LO | Extra Velvet, Rich Designs, Real Value $1.50, price this month $1.00 Hemp Carpet, Good Styles . .12 Extra Hemp Carpets SS Ingrain Figural Wool Carpets . .18 Fine All-wool Carpets... 48 Moquetts & Wiltons. Shades and Poles. Extra All-wool Carpets . . . .60 6 Foot Shades, Spring Rollers. .25 3 Ply All-wool Ingram... Poles from 35 to $4.00, TIMO THY BROTHERS. Border to match. a = Viniity irae f ey 4) Wie = yates wa TUTTE FATT Ue TY ten